Synthesized site na ahụ na adrenal cortex ma ọ bụ homonụ steroid mepụtara, glucocorticoid bụ igbochi ndị mgbasa ozi mkpasu iwe.
Medicine ekpebiela nhazi nke glucocorticoids dịka usoro nke ngwa, ọrụ, ike nke ime ihe, dabere n'ụzọ nke nchịkwa.
Achọrọ glucocorticosteroids na Artificized iji gbochie anya nke mbufụt, nke a na-akọkarịghị maka allergies ma ọ bụ dị ka ọgwụ immunosuppressive.
Steroid eke
N'okpuru mmetụta nke sistemụ akwara na akụkụ ahụ na-arịa ọrịa ahụ, a na-agwakọta ngwakọta nke hormonal na cortex adrenal, nke a na-eme ka ọ nọgide na-enwe ọnọdụ izugbe n'oge nrụgide, metabolism nkịtị, na iwepu mmekpa ahụ nke mbufụt. Oge dị iche iche nke ụbọchị na-emetụta mmepụta nke otu homonụ.
Cortisol
A na - ahụ steroid ndị na - eke ihe na - eme:
- cortisol A na - emepụta hydrocortisone n'oge nrụgide, nke a chọrọ iji bulie ike ngbanwe nke anụ ahụ iji guzogide ọnọdụ ndị na - akpata nrụgide. Uche a na-enwe mgbe nile na-eduga na ịba ụba nke cortisol, nke na - eme ka ịba ụba nke oke ibu, inyefe abụba n'ubu na ukwu, ịda mba, nsogbu ihi ụra, ọrịa ọkpụkpụ na ọrụ omumu. Cortisol ọbara dị ala na-eduga n'iwepụ ibu, iwetulata ọbara mgbali elu, ịma jijiji nke oke ahụ, nchekasị;
- cortisone A na-etinyere ya na cortisol n'otu aka ahụ, mana n'obere pere mpe. Ebumnuche ya bụ ime ka usoro metabolic sie ike, na-akpali ọrụ akwara. Nke a na-ebelata ọrụ ọgụgụ isi, nchekwa nke eke ahụ, ọrụ nke akwara nri.
Mmụba cortisol kwesịrị ogologo ma ọ bụ obere oge maka ahụ mmadụ: n'oge ịmụrụ nwa n'ime ụmụ nwanyị, mmerụ ahụ ma ọ bụ oria, nchekasị ogologo oge, mgbatị anụ ahụ na-agwụ ike.
A na-ahụkarị mkpokọta hormone ahụ n'ọbara n'ụtụtụ, ihe dị ka awa 8, jiri nke nta nke nta na-agbadata n'ehihie, rute opekempe ya site n'elekere atọ nke ụtụtụ.
Bred na laabu
Maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa ụfọdụ, enyemaka n'ọnọdụ ọnọdụ ndị na - akpata nrụgide, na ịchịkwa usoro metabolic, glucocorticoids bụ ndị mepụtara. Ọrụ ha yiri nke eke, a na-eji ha maka mmepụta ọgwụ homonụ nke ezughi oke n'ahụ.
Kpoo nhazi glucocorticoid dabere na ebumnuche ha na mmetụta ha na anụ ahụ. Companieslọ ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọgwụ na-anọchi anya homonụ na nkọwa dị iche iche, nke dị iche na nhazi nke ndị inyeaka, yana itinye uche n'ihe ndị bụ isi.
Mbadamba prednisone
Ihe glucocorticoids na-abụghị fluorinated:
- betamethasone. O nwere mmetụta vasoconstrictor, na-emetụta metabolism na metabolism nke BZHU. Egosiputara ya dika nkwusiozo ma obu uzo ozo maka igba ogwu agha. A na-eji ya maka mbufụt, iji belata ihe nfụkasị ahụ yana itching akpụkpọ ahụ. Ejiri ya na ọgwụ: Beloderm, Betazone, Betaspan, Diprospam, Celederm, Celeston;
- prednisone. Ejiri ya mee ihe iji belata mmeghachi omume nfụkasị oke, ọnọdụ ujo, nwere ume nke ime ihe. Nhazi nke glucocorticoids nke otu a dika usoro nke ngwa si kewaa: onu, injectable, parenteral. Ọ bụ ọgwụ gosipụtara ya: Prednisolum, Medopred, Decortin;
- methylprednisolone. Ejiri dị ka ihe inhibitory ọgwụ maka leukocytes na macrophages anụ ahụ. A na-eme ọgwụgwọ ahụ n'ọnụ na parenterally, na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ọrịa nke endocrine. Ọgwụ nwere homonụ: Medrol, Metipred.
Iji glucocorticoids sịntetik nke ọma gụnyere:
- dexamethasone. Ọ nwere ike ịbanye na sistemụ akwara dị n'etiti, na-enye mmetụta immunosuppressive na mgbochi mkpali. Odikwa injections, mbadamba nkume, anya mmiri. Ọgwụ bụ homonụ, yabụ, ndị ọrịa na-enwetarụ arụ ọrụ na sistemụ homonụ, usoro metabolic, na mgbanwe na ọnọdụ mmetụta uche. Ejiri ya na ọgwụ: Dexazone, Dexamed, Mexidex;
- triamcinolone. A na - akpụkọta ya maka ọgwụgwọ autoimmune thyroiditis, psoriatic, gouty and rheumatoid ogbu na nkwonkwo, hypercalcemia na neoplasms malignant. Egosiputara ya site na onu, ogwu ndi ozo, kuku ume. Isi ihe nke ọgwụ ndị ahụ: Kenalog, Berlicort, Polcortolone, Triacort.
Ihe eji corticosteroids eme ihe
N’inwe mmetụta mpaghara ma ọ bụ n’ozuzu n’arụ ahụ, ọgwụ ndị nwere glucocorticoids pụrụ ịchọta n’ụdị mbadamba, mmanụ, nsị, injections. Ọrụ ha bụ isi bụ ime ka ngosipụta nke mpaghara ahụ dịkwuo ala, kpochapụ ihe mmerụ ahụ, ma nwee mmetụta immunostimulating. Dabere na usoro nke ngwa, glucocorticoids nkewa n'ime ìgwè abụọ: mmetụta mpaghara na sistem.
Ndị mmanu Betamethasone
Otu 1 - mkpughe mpaghara:
- maka ntinye anụ (ude, ntụ, ude): Mometasone, Betamethasone, Fluocinolone Acetonide;
- dara ada maka anya, ntị: Betamethasone;
- inhalation: budesonide, flunisolid, fluticasone propianate;
- injection intraarticular: Betamethasone;
- Okwu Mmalite nke anụ ahụ: Hydrocortisone.
Otu 2 - glucocorticoids systemic:
- Hydrocortisone (ọgwụ na-arụ ọrụ (LS) - Cortef);
- Prednisone;
- Prednisone;
- Methylprednisolone;
- Dexamethasone;
- Triamcinolone;
- Betamethasone.
Glucocorticosteroids na-egbochi mmachi nke immunoglobulin na mkpụrụ ndụ mast, na-egbochi igosipụta nfụkasị. A na-eji ọgwụ nje Hormonal mee ihe ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-emeghachi omume nfụkasị dị ukwuu: edere Quincke, ujo nke anaphylactic, urticaria. Mgbe ụfọdụ a na-eji mkpochapụ mpaghara nke allergies.
N'ikike igbochi ihe mgbochi, a na-eji glucocorticoids eme ihe n'ụzọ gara nke ọma na transplantology. Mbelata nke ọrụ nchedo ahụ na-egbochi ojuju nke anụ ahụ a gbanwere.
Site na ibelata ọrụ nke phospholipase, a na-enweta ihe mgbochi mgbochi nke corticosteroids. Mbelata na nsị mmiri site na irighiri akwara ozi na-eduga na mbelata ngosipụta edematous. Iweghachite na-aputa n'ihi oke microcirculation na ọnya.Na agbanyeghị nhazi ọkwa, glucocorticoids eke na sịntetik nwere otu ọgwụ ọgwụ, mmetụta ọgwụgwọ ha bụ:
- nnọchi (na enweghi homonụ);
- pathogenetic (mgbochi mkpali, mgbochi ujo, immunosuppressive, ihe mgbochi nfụkasị);
- ike mmụọ (mwepu nke mmepụta nke corticoliberin, na-ahụ maka ngosipụta nchegbu) ọrụ.
Mmetụta ọjọọ
Ọgwụ nke ọgwụ homonụ nwere ma nsonaazụ ọma na ọgwụgwọ yana eburu nsogbu ọjọọ.
Ọ dị mkpa iji duzie usoro ọgwụgwọ n'okpuru nlekọta dọkịta siri ike, na-enweghị ọgwụ onwe.
Ihe ndị a na-achọghị bụ ihe ngosipụta dịka mmụba glucose n'ọbara, ọnụnọ shuga na mmamịrị. Steroid na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-akpata site na ntinye nke homonụ na metabolism nke carbohydrates dị ize ndụ karị.
Ntinye aka na steroid n'ime protein metabolism na-eduga ná mmebi akwara anụ ahụ. Mbelata nke mmepụta collagen na-akpata ịka nká nke anụ ahụ, na-ebelata mbelata ya. Mwepu nke protein protein na-emetụta usoro nke anụ ahụ ọhụrụ, nke dị mkpa mgbe ọ na-agwọ ọnya na mbe.
Mmetụta glucocorticoids na metabolism abụba na-eduga na nkesa asymmetric nke adipose anụ ahụ. Ndị ọrịa nwere ọnụnọ dị ntakịrị nke abụba subcutaneous na aka, mana akwa tobara na olu, ihu, obi.
Iji obere oge eji steroid eme ihe abụghị ihe gbasara usoro nke akwara obi.
Haphazard ogologo oge ị drugsụ ọgwụ ọjọọ eme ihe sitere na homonụ so na-eme ka ọ nwee oke ọria ọbara, ọrịa obi.
Nsonaazụ nwere ike ịgụnye ehighị ụra nke ukwuu, nsụchi mmụọ, ọrịa ọdịkwụ n’ahụ n’ime ndị ọrịa, ọnya afọ, nwa na-eto nwa, osteoporosis. Ngosipụta mpaghara na-ahụtakarị candidiasis nke nasopharynx, hoarseness, ụkwara, ọbara ọgbụgba ahụ ga-ekwe omume.
Vidiyo ndị metụtara
Nkuzi banyere mkpa glucocorticosteroids na ọgwụ:
Nchịkọta zuru oke nke glucocorticoids na-enye nkọwa zuru oke banyere ọgwụ nke nwere steroid. Homonụ na-ebute ụzọ na-eburu usoro a na-alụ ọgụ megide ọgụ nke ọrịa ma ọ bụ microflora pathogenic. Obere usoro ihe a na - eme ka ihe dị mma n'ọrịa ahụ na - enweghị nsogbu site na sistemụ ahụ ndị ọzọ.
