Ọgwụ Diuretic na-emetụta ọrụ akụrụ kpọmkwem ma mee ka usoro mmamịrị ahụ dị ngwa.
Usoro nke ọtụtụ diuretics, ọkachasị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ sọsọ ọgwụ gbara ọkpụrụkpụ, dabere na ikike imechi nnabata nri akụrụ, karịa nke ọma na akụrụ gbasara akụrụ, electrolytes.
Mmụba na ego nke electrolytes ewepụtara na-eme n'otu oge na mwepụta nke obere mmiri mmiri.
Ọrịa diuretic mbụ pụtara na narị afọ nke 19, mgbe a chọpụtara ọgwụ ọgwụ Mercury, nke a na-eji n'ọbara agwọ ọrịa n'ọtụtụ ebe. Mana n'ihe metụtara ọrịa a, ọgwụ ahụ adịghị arụ ọrụ, mana achọpụtara mmetụta diuretic ya siri ike.
Ka oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, ejiri ọgwụ na-egbu mmiri dochie nkwadebe nke Mercury.
N’oge na-adịghị anya, mgbanwe nke ihe n’ịgwọ ọrịa ndị eduga mere ka e hiwe ọtụtụ ọgwụ diuretic dị ike, nke nwere nhazi onwe ha.
Gịnị bụ ọgwụ mkparụ?
A na-ejikarị ọgwụ ọgbụgba eme:
- na odida obi;
- ya na edema;
- nyepụta mmamịrị ma ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ọrụ ezughi oke ọrụ;
- mgbali mgbali elu;
- n'ihe banyere nsi, wepụ nsí.
Okwesiri iburu n'uche na diuretics maka obara mgbali elu na obi igha bu ihe mkpuchi kachasi nma.Puffụ oke nwere ike ịbụ ihe nsonazụ na ọrịa obi dịgasị iche iche, ọrịa nke urinary na vaskụla sistem. A na - ejikọta ọrịa ndị a na igbu oge na sodium ahụ. Ọgwụ Diuretic na-ewepụ nchịkọta nke ihe a ma mekwaa ọzịza.
Site n'ọbara ọbara mgbali elu, sodium ngafe na-emetụta ụda olu nke arịa ọbara, nke na-amalite ime warara na nkwekọrịta. Ọgwụ Diuretic ndị e ji mee ihe dị ka ihe na-egbochi ọnya na-asachapụ sodium n'ahụ ma na-akwalite vasodilation, nke n'aka nke ya na-ebelata ọbara mgbali.
N'ihe banyere nsi, akụrụ na-amịpụta ụfọdụ nsị. Iji mee ngwa ngwa ngwa a, a na-ejikwa ihe duretics. N'ime ọgwụ ogwu, a na-akpọ usoro a "mmanye diuresis."
Nke mbu, a na - enye ndi oria otutu ihe osisa nye ya mgbe nke a na - eji diuretic di oke aru, nke na - ewepu mmiri n’ahụ, ma jiri ya toxins.
Diuretics na nhazi ha
Maka ọrịa dị iche iche a na-enye nsogbu ịba ọcha n'anya, nwee usoro dị iche.
Nhazi ọkwa:
- Ọgwụ ndị na-emetụta arụmọrụ nke renal tubule epithelium, ndepụta: Triamteren Amiloride, Ethaclates acid, Torasemide, Bumetamide, Flurosemide, Indapamide, Clopamide, Metolazone, Chlortalidone, Methclothiazide, Bendroflumethiozolle Hydol.
- Osmotic diuretics: Monitol.
- Ọgwụ ndị a na-eme ka a na-ere ọgwụ: Poteropipiron (Spironolactone) na-ezo aka na ndị na-emegide myralocorticoid na-anabata ya.
Nkewa nke diuretics site na oru nke nkuzi nke sodium site na aru:
- Enweghi ike - wepu sodium 5%.
- Ọkpụkpụ ọkara nke ọma - 10% nke sodium kapịrị.
- Dị oke arụmọrụ - wepu sodium karịrị 15%.
Usoro ihe omume diuretics
Ihe nlere nke ihe onhu ogwu nwere ike ịmụ site na ihe atụ nke mmetụta ọgwụ ha. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mbelata ọbara mgbali bụ n'ihi sistemụ abụọ:
- Ebelata sodium ịta.
- Mmetụta kpọmkwem na arịa ọbara.
Ya mere, enwere ike ịkwụsị ọbara mgbali elu site na mbelata nke olu mmiri yana idobe ogologo oge nke olu vaskụla.
Mbelata oxygen chọrọ akwara obi mgbe ị na - eji ya n’olu na - ejikọ:
- ya na nchekasị ahụ site na sel myocardial;
- ya na microcirculation dị mma n’ime akụrụ;
- na mbelata nrapado platelet;
- jiri mbelata ibu na ventricle aka ekpe.
Difọdụ ihe ọgbụgba, dịka ọmụmaatụ, Mannitol, ọ bụghị naanị iwelie ego nke mmiri apụrụ adịpụ n'oge edema, kamakwa ọ nwere ike iwelie nrụgide osmolar nke mmiri metụtara.
Diuretics, n'ihi akụrụngwa ha, mee ka akwara ozi dị mma nke akwara ozi, akwara ozi, na akwara bele na-enwe mmetụta antispasmodic.
Ihe ngosi maka nhọpụta diuretics
Ihe ngosiputa banyere isi n’oriri oria bu oria obara, kariri ihe ndia n’ile ndi oria agadi. Edere ọgwụ ọgwụ diuretic maka njigide sodium. Ọnọdụ ndị a gụnyere ascites, akụrụ na-adịghị ala ala na nkụda obi.
Site na osteoporosis, a na-enye onye ọrịa ọgwụ thiazide diuretics. E gosipụtara ọgwụ ndị na-eme ka ihe ndị na-egbu mmadụ n’ahụ dị ka ọ dị n’ọrịa Liddle syndrome (mkpochapu oke nke potassium na njigide sodium).
Loop diuretics nwere mmetụta na ọrụ akụrụ, edepụtara maka mgbali intraocular dị elu, glaucoma, cardiac edema, cirrhosis.
Maka ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke ọbara mgbali elu, ndị dọkịta depụtara ọgwụ thiazide, nke dị na obere doses na-enwe mmetụta dị ukwuu n'ahụ ndị ọrịa nwere ọbara mgbali elu. Ekwenyesiri ya ike na ọgwụ thiazide na ọgwụ prophylactic nwere ike belata ohere ọnya ọnya.
Drugsụ ọgwụ ndị a na usoro dị elu agaghị akwadoro, ọ bụ mmepe nke hypokalemia.
Iji gbochie ọnọdụ a, enwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe ọkụkụ thiazide na mkpụrụ ọgwụ na-eme ka ọnụnọ ya na-adị.
Na ọgwụgwọ diuretics, ọgwụgwọ na-arụ ọrụ na ọgwụgwọ na-akwado iche. N'ime usoro ọrụ nọ n'ọrụ, egosipụtara obere ọgwụ mgbochi (Furosemide). Site na usoro nlekọta mmezi, iji ọgwụ mgbatị ahụ mgbe niile.
Ihe mgbochi igbochi iji ihe aru di
Ọrịa metụtara oruru nke imeju, hypokalemia, ojiji nke ịrịa ọrịa di iche. Edebeghi ihe nlere anya otutu maka ndi oria anabataghi ufodu ihe ogwu (hypoglycemic na antibacterial).
Maka ndị nwere akụkụ okuku ume na oke akụrụ gbasara akwara, a na-egbochi ọgwụ ịba ọcha n'anya. A na-agọnarị akụrụngwa ndị dị n'ọrịa thiazide (Methiklothiazide, Bendroflumethiozide, Cyclomethiazide, Hydrochlorothiazide) n'ụdị ọrịa shuga nke mellitus nke 2, ebe onye ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịbawanye ọkwa glucose ọbara.
Ventricular arrhythmias bụkwa ihe dị na contraindications na nhọpụta nke diuretics.
Maka ndị ọrịa na-a salụ nnu na lithium na mmiri glycosides, a na-eji nlezianya edebere ọgwụ loop.
Edere ọgwụ Osmotic maka nkụchi obi.
Nsonaazụ
Diuretics na ndepụta thiazide nwere ike ime ka ọkwa uric acid dịkwuo ọbara. Maka nke a, ndị ọrịa chọpụtara na gout nwere ike ịhụ ọnọdụ na-akawanye njọ.
Diuretics nke otu thiazide (hydrochlorothiazide, hypothiazide) nwere ike ibute nsonaazụ na-achọghị. Ọ bụrụ na ahọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ ezighi ezi ma ọ bụ na onye ọrịa enweghị ndidi, nsonaazụ ndị a nwere ike ịpụta:
- isi ọwụwa
- afọ ọsịsa ga-ekwe omume;
- ọgbụgbọ
- adịghị ike
- ọnụ kpọrọ nkụ
- iro ụra
Nleghara anya nke ion gụnyere:
- libido belatara n’ime ụmụ nwoke;
- allergies
- mmụba n'ọbara shuga;
- Ọkpụkpụ akwara afọ;
- ike adighi ike;
- arrhythmia.
Mmetụta dị iche iche nke furosemide:
- ibelata na potassium, magnesium, calcium;
- Dizziness
- ọgbụgbọ
- ọnụ kpọrọ nkụ
- ugboro ugboro.
Site na mgbanwe mgbanwe mgbanwe ion, ọkwa nke uric acid, glucose, calcium na-abawanye, nke gụnyere:
- paresthesia;
- akpukpo anụ;
- okfu nụ.
Nsonaazụ nke ndị na - emegide aldosterone gụnyere:
- akpukpo anụ;
- gynecomastia;
- ogwe
- isi ọwụwa
- afọ ọsịsa, vomiting.
N'ime ụmụ nwanyị nwere ebumnuche na-ezighi ezi na usoro ọgwụgwọ adịghị mma:
- hirsutism;
- nsọchi.
Ndị na-ahụ maka ahụ ọsịsọ na usoro ha ji arụ ọrụ n'ahụ
Ọrịa akwara ndị na-emetụta ọrụ nke akwara akwara na-egbochi sodium ịbanye n'ahụ mmadụ ọzọ ma mekwaa akụkụ yana mmamịrị. Diuretics nke irè ase Methiclothiazide Bendroflumethioside, Cyclomethiazide na-eme ka o sie ike ịhapụ chlorine, ọ bụghị sodium. Maka omume a, a na-akpọkwa ha saluretics, nke pụtara “nnu”.
Edebere Thiazide diuretics (Hypothiazide) maka edema, ọrịa akụrụ, ma ọ bụ obi daa. Hypothiazide bụ ọkacha ewu ewu dịka onye na-ahụ maka hypotensive.
Ọgwụ na-ewepụ sodium gabigara ma belata nrụgide na akwara akwara. Na mgbakwunye, ọgwụ thiazide na-akwalite mmetụta nke ọgwụ, usoro a na-eme nke iji leda ọbara mgbali elu.
Site na nhọpụta nke ịba ụba nke ọgwụ ndị a, mmịpụta mmiri nwere ike ịbawanye na-ebelata ọbara mgbali elu. Edebere Hypothiazide maka ọrịa shuga insipidus na urolithiasis.
Akụrụngwa nọ n'ọrụ dị na nkwadebe belata mkpụbelata kalsel ma gbochie nguzo nke nnu n’ime akụrụ.
Dizọ kachasị dị ọcha gụnyere Furosemide (Lasix). Site na nhazi nke ọbara ọgwụ a, a na-ahụ nsonaazụ ahụ mgbe nkeji iri gachara. Ọgwụ dị mkpa maka;
- nnukwu ọdịda nke aka ekpe ventricle nke obi, tinyere ọnya afọ;
- ọgbụgba;
- ọbara mgbali;
- mkpochapu nke toxins.
Ethacrinic acid (Ureghit) dị nso na Lasix, mana ọ na-eme obere oge.
A na-ahụkarị Monureol diuretic Monitol. Ọgwụ ahụ na-akwalite nrụgide osmotic nke plasma ma belata intracranial na intraocular pressure. Ya mere, ọgwụ ahụ dị oke mma na oliguria, nke bụ ihe kpatara ọkụ, ọnya ma ọ bụ nnukwu ọbara ọgbụgba.
Ndị na - emegide ọgwụ Aldosterone (Aldactone, Veroshpiron) na - egbochi nnabata nke sodium ion ma gbochie nzuzo nke magnesium na potassium ion. Ọgwụ nke otu a ka egosiri maka edema, ọbara mgbali elu na nkụchi obi. Ihe ndị na-enye potassium n’adịghị emetụ akpụkpọ ahụ.
Ọrịa mamịrị na ụdị ọrịa shuga 2
Attentionaa ntị! Ekwesịrị iburu n'uche na na ụdị ụdị ọrịa shuga abụọ 2, enwere ike iji ụfọdụ diuretics, ya bụ, nhọpụta nke ọrịa diuretics na-enweghị iburu n'uche ọrịa a ma ọ bụ ọgwụ onwe gị nwere ike ibute nsonaazụ na-enweghị atụ na ahụ.
Edebere Thiazide diuretics maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 nke ọrịa mellitus ka ukwuu maka mbelata ọbara mgbali elu, maka edema yana maka ọgwụgwọ nke enweghi ike.
Ọzọkwa, a na-eji thiazide diuretics agwọ ọrịa ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa nwere ọbara mgbali akwara nke na-anọ ogologo oge.
Ọgwụ ndị a na --ebelata uche nke mkpụrụ ndụ na insulin homonụ, nke na - ebute mmụba nke ọkwa glucose, triglycerides na cholesterol. Nke a na-amachibido ikike iji akwara ndị a n'ọrịa shuga nke 2.
Agbanyeghị, nnyocha ụlọọgwụ n'oge na-adịbeghị anya banyere iji ọgwụ mkparị maka ụdị shuga 2 egosila na a na-ahụkarị mmetụta ọjọọ ndị a na oke nke ọgwụ. Na obere doses, nsonaazụ ndị ọ fọrọ nke nta anaghị eme.
Dị Mkpa! N'ime ndị ọrịa nwere ụdị shuga nke 2, mgbe ha na-edepụta ọgwụ thiazide, ndị ọrịa kwesịrị iri ọtụtụ akwụkwọ nri na mkpụrụ osisi ọhụụ. Nke a ga - enyere aka iwelata oke potassium, sodium, na magnesium. Na mgbakwunye, enwere ike ịtụle ihe nwetatụ uche nke insulin.
Na ụdị ọrịa shuga abụọ nke ọrịa mellitus, ọgwụ a na-ejikarị bụ Indapamide, ma ọ bụ kama, ya bụ Arifon. Ma Indapamide na Arifon enweghị ihe ọ bụla nwere mmetụta na carbohydrate na metabolism metabolism, nke dị ezigbo mkpa maka ụdị shuga 2.
Ọrịa ụkwara ume ọkụ ndị ọzọ maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 bụ nke a na-edekarị obere oge ọ bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ọnọdụ ụfọdụ adị:
- loop diuretics maka ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na-ejikarị otu ugboro n'ọnọdụ ndị ahụ mgbe ọ dị mkpa iji nweta usoro ọbara mgbali elu ngwa ngwa;
- jikọtara thiazide na ọgwụ ndị na - eme ka ọnụnọ potassium jikọtara ọnụ - mgbe ọ dị mkpa iji belata mmebi potassium.
Ndị ọrịa nwere usoro ọgbụgba dị n'ọbara kwesịrị ịghọta na ị takingụ ọgwụ ọ bụla diuretic nwere ike ibute mmetụta dị njọ - mbelata uche nke insulin homonụ. Ọzọkwa, ọgwụgwọ nke ọbara mgbali elu nwere ike ọ gaghị adịte aka.
