Ọkwa glucose dị n’ọbara bụ otu n’ime ihe ndị dị mkpa na-egosi usoro metabolism. Nke a bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na glucose bụ isi iyi nke ike maka ahụ niile, mana ụbụrụ na sistem ụbụrụ na-adabere na ya.
Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, mgbe ị risịrị nri, ọkwa glucose ọbara na-abawanye, mgbe ahụ, ewepụtara insulin, glucose na-abanyekwa n’ime sel, a na-etinye ya na usoro metabolic iji nọgide na-arụ ọrụ nke anụ ahụ.
Ọ bụrụ na emepụtara insulin ezughi oke, ma ọ bụ ọrụ nke homonụ na-enwewanye oke, na ọ bụrụkwa na mkpụrụ ndụ anaghị anabata insulin, ọkwa glucose dị n'ahụ ahụ na-ebili. N'ihe banyere dysregulation homonụ ma ọ bụ ịdoụfe ọgwụ ókè iji belata shuga, ọnụ ọgụgụ a ga-ebelata.
Oriri na-edozi ahụ
A na-ekpebi shuga ọbara site n’inyocha ọkwa nke glycemia. Maka nke a, a na-eme nnwale ọbara n'ụtụtụ, na afọ na-enweghị isi. Nri ikpeazụ ga-akarị awa 8 tupu imesata ya. Ọbara glucose dị n'ọbara bụ otu maka ụmụ nwoke na ụmụ nwanyị, dabere na afọ onye ọrịa:
- Maka ụmụaka gbara izu 3 ruo afọ 14: 3.3 ruo 5.6 mmol / L
- Na afọ site na 14 ruo 60: 4.1 - 5.9 mmol / L.
Ihe kachasị mkpa maka ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ shuga dị n'ọbara bụ nguzozi n’etiti nri ya na ọkwa insulin, nke na - enyere aka inyefe ya n’ọbara sel. Ihe oriri nwere carbohydrates nwere mmetụta kasịnụ na glucose ọbara.
Site na ọsọ nke ịba ụba ọkwa shuga, a na-ekewa ha n'ime ihe dị mfe na nke dị mgbagwoju anya. Carbortas dị mfe na-amalite ịbanye n'ọbara ugbu a n'ọnụ, ọnụ ha iji nri na-eme ka ịrị elu glucose dị nkọ.
Ngwaahịa ndị a gụnyere:
- Ihe ọ ,ụ Sugarụ shuga, mmanụ a ,ụ, jam, syrups, jam.
- Achịcha ọcha, achịcha na achịcha achịcha sitere na ya - mpịakọta, waffles, kuki, achịcha ọcha, akwa, achịcha na achịcha.
- Chocolates
- Yogọt na curd desserts.
- Ihe ọ juụụ ọma na sodas.
- Unere, mkpụrụ vaịn, ụbọchị, mkpụrụ vaịn, fig.
Ọ na-anọchi anya ọgwụ ndị mejuputara carbohydrates n'ime ihe oriri sites na mgbaze na eriri afọ bụ imebi ha. N'ihe gbasara nhichapu site na eriri nri - ntụ ọka, ọka, ihe ọicesụ juụ, ọnụego mgbanye glucose na-abawanye, ma mgbe etinye fiber akwukwo nri ma ọ bụ bran, ọ na-ebelata.
Ntinye carbohydrates site na nri na-ebelata ma ọ bụrụ na abụba bara ụba na ya; site na nri oyi, carbohydrates na-esikwa nwayọ nwayọ site na eriri afọ karịa na efere dị ọkụ.
Carbohydrate metabolism bụkwa nsogbu nke ihe ọ inụ beụ na-egbu egbu, nri ndị nwere abụba, ọkachasị abụba, anụ e ghere eghe, anụ ahụ, ude gbara ụka, nri, ngwa ngwa, sauces, anụ na-egbu egbu na nri mkpọ.
Ọrịa Na-emetụta Ọbara Ọbara
Ihe kacha akpata ọsụsọ na glucose ọbara bụ ọrịa shuga. E kewara ya dabere na usoro mmepe n'ime ụdị abuo. Elldị nke ọrịa shuga mellitus na-eme mgbe mkpụrụ ndụ beta dị na pancreas mebiri.
Nke a nwere ike ịbụ site na ọrịa nje, mmepe nke mmeghachi omume nke autoimmune, ebe mmepụta nke ọgwụ mgbochi na mkpụrụ ndụ ndị na - emepụta insulin amalite. Ihe na - akpatakarị ụdị shuga 1 bụ ịkọ ọdịbendị.
Ofdị ọrịa shuga na-apụta na mmepụta insulin na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ na-agbanwe agbanwe, mana ndị na-anabata anụ ahụ na-eguzogide mmetụta ya. Dabere na ọnụ ọgụgụ, ụdị nke abụọ nwere 95% nke ọrịa shuga achọpụtara. Mgbochi ụdị shuga nke 2 metụtara ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa a. Ruo taa, a matala ihe ndị a:
- Ibu oke ibu, karia inye abuba ibu.
- Mmega ahụ dị ala.
- Ọkụ mmetụta uche, nchekasị, ahụ erughị ala.
- Ọrịa nke pancreas.
- Cholesterol dị elu nke ọbara, atherosclerosis.
- Ọrịa shuga na ezigbo ndị ikwu.
- Ọrịa nke gland thyroid, yana adrenal gland ma ọ bụ pituitary gland.
Enwere ike ịrịa ọrịa shuga na-abawanye na afọ, ya mere, a ga-enyocha glucose, dị ka kọlestrọl ọbara, mgbe afọ 40 dịkarịa ala otu afọ.
Ọ bụrụ na n’ime ụmụ nwanyị, afọ ime bidoro ibute shuga dị elu, nwa ebu n’afọ nwere ibu dị ihe karịrị 4.5 n'arọ ma ọ bụ enwe ime, ya na ụmụ akụrụngwa polycystic, nke a kwesịrị ịbụ ihe mere a na-enyocha metabolism metabolism niile.
Shuga nwere ike ịba ụba na nnukwu ọrịa pancreatitis ma ọ bụ pancreatic necrosis, ebe ọ bụ na usoro mkpali na ọria nwere ike imetụta mkpụrụ ndụ nke agwaetiti Langerhans na-ahụ maka mmepụta insulin. Mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ ahụ gasịrị, shuga nwere ike ịlaghachi na nkịtị, mana ndị ọrịa dị etu a gosipụtara na ha na-agbaso iwu mmachibido nri ọbụlagodi ọnwa isii.
Site na mmụba na pancreas (hyperplasia), insulinoma ma ọ bụ adenoma, yana ụkọ alpha - mkpụrụ ndụ na - emepụta glucagon, ọkwa glucose ọbara na - agbadata.
Na hyperthyroidism, n'ihi mmetụta nke homonụ thyroid, mkpali gabigara ókè nke mmepụta insulin na-amalite na mbido, nke nta nke nta na-eduga na mbelata pancreatic na mmepe nke hyperglycemia na-adịghị ala ala.
Enwere hypothesis nke ọrịa shuga na thyrotoxicosis na-etolite n'ihi usoro nyocha nke autoimmune.
Usoro nrụgide nke metabolism metabolism nwere ike ịmalite ọrịa nke ọrịa gland na ọrịa gland.
- Hyperglycemia na-eme ya na pheochromocytoma, acromegaly, Cushing's syndrome, somatostatinoma.
- Ọkpụkpụ shuga (hypoglycemia) na-ebute ọrịa Addison, ọrịa adrenogenital.
Oge buru ibu nke ọrịa myocardial infarction ma ọ bụ ọbara ọgbụgba na-arịa ọrịa strok nwere ike ibute oke ịrị elu nke ọbara. Ọrịa ịba ọcha n'anya na akwara na eriri afọ na afọ na-ejikarị glucose dị n'ọbara.
Site na agụụ ogologo oge ma ọ bụ malabsorption na eriri afọ na ọrịa malabsorption, glucose ọbara na-ebelata. Malabsorption nwere ike ibute na cystic fibrosis ma ọ bụ itolite na enteritis, pancreatitis na-adịghị ala ala, na ọrịa cirrhosis.
Ọgwụ shuga
Medicationsụ ọgwụ nwekwara ike imetụta ụkpụrụ nke metabolism metabolism: diuretics, karịsịa thiazides, estrogens, homonụ glucocorticoid, beta-blockers, na-abụkarị nhọrọ, na-akpata hyperglycemia. Iwere caffeine n’ime usoro onunu ogwu buru ibu, tinyere ike na ogwu ma obu ihe onunu, na ebulita shuga.
Belata shuga: insulin, ọgwụ antidiabetic - Metformin, Glucobay, Manninil, Januvia, salicylates, antihistamines, steroid anabolic na amphetamine, ọ nwekwara ike ibelata mmanya na-egbu ya.
Maka ụbụrụ, enweghi glucose na-emerụ ihe karịrị oke. Ya mere, a na-atụ aro ka ndị ọrịa na-arịa ọrịa shuga na-enwe mbadamba glucose oge niile ma ọ bụ na-atọ ụtọ na ha, nke mere na iji nwee ihe mgbaàmà nke Mbelata ọbara shuga, ha nwere ike bulie ọkwa ha ngwa ngwa. Mmanụ a ,ụ, tii dị ụtọ, mmiri ara ehi na-ekpo ọkụ, mịrị, ihe ọ anyụ anyụ ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ihe ọ aụ sweetụ ọ sweetụ canụ nwekwara ike iji ya.
Ọrịa hyperglycemia (na enweghị ọrịa) nwere ike ịnwe mgbatị ahụ na-agafeghị oke, na-ese anwụrụ. Ntọhapụ nke homonụ na-akpata nchekasị - adrenaline na cortisol nwere mmeghachi omume mmetụta uche, ụjọ, iwe, mwakpo mgbu, bụkwa ihe mere eji enwe obere oge na ọkwa glucose.
Omume anụ ahụ nke nnukwu ike ma ọ bụ ogologo oge, nchekasị uche, ụba anụ ahụ na-efe efe na-ebute mbelata ọbara shuga.
Ndị ahụ nwere ahụike nwere ike ịnwe ihe mgbaàmà nke shuga dị ala (nkụda mmụọ, isi ọwụwa, ọsụsọ, aka na-ama jijiji) mgbe akpịrị na-eri ma na-eri nri dị ụtọ gabigara ókè. Mgbe ị ofụbiga shuga dị ukwuu ókè, ịhapụ insulin na-amụba nke ukwuu ma na-ebelata glucose ọbara.
N'oge afọ ime na tupu oge nsọ nwanyị, ụmụ nwanyị nwere ike ịnwe oke nsogbu na metabolism metabolism n'ihi nsonye mgbanwe nke estrogen na ọkwa progesterone. Mgbanwe shuga dị n'ọbara shuga sochiri menopause. Vidio dị n'isiokwu a ga-agwa gị ihe iwu shuga kwesịrị ịdị.
