Ọrịa nke metabolism metabolism na ụmụaka nwere ihe metụtara mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Ọ bụrụ na ndị nne na nna ma ọ bụ ndị ikwu nwa ahụ arịa ọrịa shuga na-abawanye.
Iji bido ịmalite ọgwụgwọ n’oge, ọ dị mkpa ịme nyocha nke ziri ezi ozugbo enwere ike. Ya mere, ụmụaka ndị nwere ọrịa shuga nwere nnukwu nsogbu kwesịrị ka onye dọkịta lebara anya wee hụ nyocha ụlọ nyocha oge niile.
Ihe onyonyo onyonyo nke oria oria oria n’azu umu aka nwere ike idi ala, emesia gosiputa onwe ya dika nsogbu di nkpa na aru nke ketoacidotic coma. N'ihi ya, enweghị ihe ịrịba ama nke ọrịa shuga abụghị nkwenye mgbe niile banyere ahụike nke nwatakịrị.
Gịnị na-emetụta glucose ọbara?
Whichzọ nke glucose na-esi abanye n'ọbara ọbara nwere ike ịbụ nke mpụga na nke ime. N’akpụ, glucose na-abanye nri. Ngwaahịa nwere ike ịnwe glucose dị ọcha, n'ọnọdụ nke ọ ga-amalite ịbanye na oghere onu. Ma enwere ike inweta ya site na sugars siri ike, nke enzyme ga - ekewa ya.
Sucrose, fructose, galactose, nke dị na nri, na-emesịa ghọọ ụmụ irighiri glucose. Deliveredzọ nke abụọ a na-enye glucose metụtara ụzọ ngwa ngwa isi nweta ya - glycogen ndakpọ. N'okpuru mmetụta nke homonụ (nke bụ glucagon), glycogen na-agbadata glukos ma nwetaghachi erughi ya ma ọ bụrụ na enwetaghị nri.
Mkpụrụ ndụ imeju nwere ike ịmịpụta glucose site na lactate, amino acid na glycerol. Ofzọ nke mmepụta glucose dị ogologo ma na-amalite ma ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ahịa glycogen ezughị maka ọrụ anụ ahụ.
Mgbe ị risịrị nri, ọkwa glucose ọbara na-abawanye, nke ahụ bụ ihe ndị na-anabata ndị na pancreas na-eme. A na-ahapụ akụkụ ndị ọzọ nke insulin n'ime ọbara. Site na isonye na ndị na-anabata ya na membranes, insulin na - akwalite glucose.
N'ime mkpụrụ ndụ, a na - agbanwe glucose na mkpụrụ ndụ ATP nke ana - eji ya eme ihe dị ka ume. A na-echekwa glucose na-agaghị eji ya na imeju dị ka glycogen.
Mmetụta insulin na metabolism metabolism gosipụtara na mmetụta ndị a:
- Na-eme ka nnabata nke glucose na amino acid, potassium, phosphates na magnesium na -akpata.
- Amalitere glycolysis n'ime sel.
- Na-arụ ọrụ kpụworo glycogen.
- Ọ na-egbochi njikọ nke umeji.
- Na-akpali protein protein.
- Na-eme ka e nwee abụba bara ụba, ntụgharị nke glucose na lipids.
- Na -ebelata oriri nke ọdụdụ n'ime ọbara.
Na mgbakwunye na insulin, glucagon, cortisol, norepinephrine, adrenaline, homonụ ibu na thyroid nwere mmetụta na glucose. Ha niile na-atụnye ụtụ na mmụba shuga dị n'ọbara.
Ọbara glucose dị na nwatakịrị
N'ihi ọrụ homonụ ndị a, a na-ahụ ọkwa glucose ọbara n'ime ahụ, mana ọ naghị akwụsị akwụsị, mana ọ na-agbanwe ụbọchị niile dabere na nri nri riri na ọrụ mmega ahụ. N'ime ụmụaka, oge mgbanwe dị otu a dabere na afọ.
Tebụl nke na-egosi mkpụkọ nke glucose na-egosi ogo nke ogo. Iji maa atụ, usoro shuga dị n’etiti nwatakịrị dị afọ 8 bụ site na 3.3 ruo 5.5 mmol / l, maka nwatakịrị dị otu afọ - 2.75-4.4 mmol / l.
Ihe ngosi ndị a na-egosipụta metabolism nke carbohydrates nkịtị, nke kwekọrọ n'afọ nwata ahụ. A na-eme nyocha ahụ na afọ na-enweghị isi, ihe ahụ nwere ike ịbụ venous na ọbara nwere oke. Maka plasma ọbara, ụkpụrụ dị elu.
Nnwale ọbara na-ebu ọnụ na-egosi ọkwa glucose dị ala. Iji lelee etu pancreas si arụ ọrụ, ịkwesịrị ịma otú glycemia si agbanwe mgbe ị risịrị nri. Testme nnwale nke glucose na-enye gị ohere ikpebi otu ngwa ngwa insulin na-esi wedata shuga ọbara na ụkpụrụ nkịtị, ya bụ, ịma nnabata glucose.
E gosipụtara ule nnabata glucose:
- Maka nyocha ụlọ nyocha nke ọrịa shuga ma ọ bụ ọrịa kansa.
- E nwere ihe nketa e ketara eketa.
- Maka oke ibu ma ọ bụ felata.
- Site n'ịnọgide na-adịgide adịgide nke candidiasis, furunlera.
- Ọtụtụ mgbe ụmụaka na-arịa ọrịa.
- Mgbe nnukwu ọrịa na-efe efe.
Mgbe ị takingụchara glucose otu awa, glucose ọbara rịrị elu karịa, ma insulin na-enyere aka belata ya ka elekere abụọ gasịchara. Ọnụego glucose mgbe awa abụọ gachara site na nchịkwa ruru 7.8 mmol / l.
Tebụl, nke ị nwere ike ikpebi ihe na-akpata ịkpa iche site na iwu, na-egosi na ọrịa shuga, ihe ngosi a dị elu karịa 11.1 mmol / l, ụkpụrụ dị n'etiti kwekọrọ na ọrịa shuga.
Hypoglycemia
Ọrịa hypoglycemia dị mkpụmkpụ bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị na ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ na-enwe oge mmepe ma ọ bụ asphyxia n'oge ịmụ nwa. Mkpa ụmụaka nwere glucose dị okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ndị okenye, ụlọ ahịa glycogen ha dịkwa ala. Site na agụụ ma ọ bụ erighị ihe na-edozi ahụ na ụmụaka site na afọ ruo afọ 9 n'ọbara, glucose na-agbadata n'okpuru 2.2 mmol / L.
A na-egosipụta akara nke hypoglycemia n'ime ụmụaka site na ịsụsọ dị elu, aka na ụkwụ ịma jijiji, agụụ, pallor nke anụ ahụ, oke iwe, ọgbụgbọ, na ọnya obi. Mgbe ahụ, adịghị ike, isi ọwụwa, enweghị isi, ụra ụra na-agbakwunye na akara ndị a.
Maka ụmụ amụrụ ọhụrụ, ihe ịrịba ama nke hypoglycemia bụ ụra ụra. Nnukwu hypoglycemia na-eduga na nkwarụ, enweghị mmụọ, precoma na coma.
Hypoglycemia na ụmụaka nwere ike ịnwe ụdị ọrịa a:
- Ọrịa imeju.
- Ọrịa na-efe efe.
- Arịa hyperinsulinism.
- Nsi.
- Ogbo
Hyperglycemia
Mmụba na shuga ọbara na-apụta na enweghị insulin ma ọ bụ ụbara nke homonụ na-emegide onwe ya. Nke a na - ejikọkarịkarị ya na ọrịa mellitus, mmụba nke omume nke na - aga n'ihu kwa afọ. N'afọ ụmụaka, ọrịa shuga n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ na-akpata mbibi akpa ume nke pancreas.
Ihe ndị na-akpata ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus 1 na-apụta naanị na a ga - eketa ọrịa. Ha nwere ike bụrụ nje, ihe na - egbu egbu, ọgwụ, nitrates na nri na mmiri, nchekasị. Ọrịa shuga 2dị nke Abụọ na-adịghị ahụkebe ma na-ebu oke ibu, na-apụta na ụmụaka nwere ọrịa ọgbụgba sitere n'ọmụmụ na-ebugharị site n'aka ndị ikwu.
Ihe ngosi nke oria oria oria n’ime umuaka na ebido site n’onye akpachapuru anya, igba ure, oke urinary na oke ibu na ezigbo ihe oriri. A na - ebelata njiri mara ihe e ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, oyi na-atụ ugboro ugboro, ọrịa anụ, ọrịa na-efe efe. Site na nyocha nke oge na enweghị ọgwụgwọ, ọnọdụ ketoacidotic na-amalite.
Mgbe a na-achọpụta ọrịa shuga mellitus, mmụba na shuga ọbara ọbara na-ebu ibu karịa 6.1 mmol / L na-atụle, na mgbe ịcoseụbiga glucose (nnwale nnabata glucose), ọ dị elu karịa 11.1 mmol / L.
Na mgbakwunye na ọrịa shuga, hyperglycemia na-ewere ọnọdụ na:
- Akwụkwụ na-adọ
- Pathology Endocrine: thyrotoxicosis, ọrịa adrenal gland, ọrịa na-efe efe.
- Ọrịa Pancreatic.
- Ala ala akwara na oria.
- Mmetụta siri ike.
- Mmega ahụ karịrị akarị.
- Drugsakingụ ọgwụ homonụ.
Na vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a, Dr. Komarovsky ga-ekwu maka ọkwa shuga na ụmụaka.
