Kedụ ihe bụ ọrụ pancreas dị n'ahụ?

Anụ a na-ahụ nke ọma dị ka otu n'ime ndị na - achịkwa usoro metabolic dị n'ahụ.

Ọrụ ya bụ imepụta homonụ nke na-etinye na nri ma na-edozi metabolism.

Ihe ejiri mara akụkụ ahụ bụ n'ọtụtụ ọrụ.

Ọrụ ahụ

Isi ọrụ nke anụ ahụ gụnyere:

• digestive
• ihe nzuzo;
• ẹphe apata;
• endocrine.

Nhazi ọrụ nhazi ọkwa:

Ọrụ bụ isi bụ ịmalite ihe ọ pancụ pancụ pancreatic, na-enweghị nke mgbaze agaghị ekwe omume. Ọ bụrụ na mmiri ọ juiceụ juiceụ, nri a na-enweta na-agaghị agbari. Ọ na-ebelata oke iwe nke hydrochloric acid dị na afọ, na-egbochi mbibi onwe ya.

Otutu uzo egosiputara oru abuo di iche iche nke pancreas na aru mmadu. Ndị a bụ ọrụ exocrine na intracecretory.

Ọrụ nzuzo nke mpụga

Ọrụ a gụnyere imepụta ihe ọ juiceụ juiceụ nke anụ ahụ, nke nwere enzymes ndị dị mkpa maka mgbari nri. Ọkpụkpọ nke anụ ahụ bụ ihe na-arụ ọrụ na usoro nri. Ihe ọ juiceụ producedụ emepụtara na-abanye n'ime duodenum.

Ihe nzuzo pancreatic, dị ka ịmịkọrọ afọ, nwere enzymes, mana ha dị iche na nke mejupụtara. Ihe ọiceụiceụ bụ mmiri mmiri nwere mmetụta alkaline dị nkọ.

Ihe ndi a mejuputara:

• mkpochapu;
• amylase;
• trypsinogen;
• lipase;
• carboxypeptidase;
• chymotrypsinogen;
• osiso.

Amylase bụ ihe ọ veryụ veryụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ihe ọ juiceụ juiceụ, n'ihi na ọ nwere ike ịtụgharị ọbụna stachi raw n'ime shuga. Lipase anaghị akwụsikwu ike, ọ na-efunahụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa site na ikpughe acid. Ma enzyme a gụnyere itinye aka n’abụba.

Trypsinogen bụ enzyme dị mkpa ma ọ bụ nke akọwapụtara - ọrụ ya bụ ịkụda protein. Ma ebe enzyme a nwere ike ime ihe ike ma duga mmadụ mgbaze nke gland, ọ pụtara na ihe mejupụtara ya naanị dị ka proenzyme (ihe anaghị adị n'ihu enzyme trypsin). A na-akpụpụta trypsin n'oge mgbaze sitere na trypsinogen.

N'ime mmiri mmiri ọzọ, enwere:

• sulfates;
• chlorides nke potassium, sodium, calcium;
• phosphates;
• bicarbonates na-emetụta gburugburu alkaline nke mmiri ọgwụ akwara.

Normkpụrụ ọ bụla kwa ụbọchị nke ihe ọ juiceụ theụ enyere bụ 50-1500 ml. Ejiri ọbara ọgbụgba osmotic na ọbara. Na mgbakwunye na enzymes, nzuzo pancreatic na-agụnye ntọala mmiri-electrolyte, nke na-ejupụta na ihe mejupụtara ya. Ọnụ ọgụgụ electrolytes na ihe ọ inụ isụ ahụ na-agbanwe mgbe niile.

Nri a nwere ike izobe enzymes buru ibu, nke na - eme ya onye isi n’etiti akwara ndị ọzọ dị na ngosipụta a. A na-ekewapụrụ onwe gị site na mkpali. Isi ihe na-akpali akpali maka mmalite nke ọrụ exocrine bụ oriri mmadụ.

Nri dị ụtọ na ihe ọ andụ takenụ na-aba n'anya mmadụ na-aba n’arụ n’arụ, nke na-akpatakarị nsogbu n’ọrụ ya. Na-emegide ihe na-esi n'erighị ihe ndị na-edozi ahụ, usoro mkpali na-ebukarị na gland.

Ihe omimi intra

Ọrụ intra-secretory bụ òkè nke anụ ahụ na usoro metabolic. Ọ kachasị na ọdụ nke pancreas, enwere nchịkọta pụrụ iche nke mkpụrụ ndụ endocrine na-emepụta homonụ.

A na-akpọ sel ndị a dị ka agwaetiti nke Langerhans, nke bụ gland endocrine. Ha na-ewe obere ego: ihe dị ka 2% nke ngụkọta obi.

Agwaetiti ndị ahụ na-amụpụta homonụ ma zoo ha n'ime ọbara. Agwaetiti ndị ahụ nwere ụdị sel atọ.

Celldị sel ọ bụla na-emepụta otu homonụ: glucagon na-emepụta site na mkpụrụ ndụ α, mkpụrụ ndụ are na-etinye aka na imepụta insulin, na δ-sel na-emepụta somatostatin.

Insulin glucose bụ ihe na-emegide ọrụ. Insulin na-ebelata shuga ọbara, glucagon - na-eme ka ịbawanye ụba.

Ihe ndị a bụ ihe e ji mara insulin:

• mkpụrụ ndụ nke na - arụ ọrụ glucose;
• na - ebugharị glucose sel.

Site na homonụ, a na-agbanwe glucose, nke na-abanye n’akwara akwara na akwara akwara glycogen. N'okpuru ike nke insulin, glucose, nke banyeworo na sel nke abụba, gbanwere ibu.

Insulin na-etinye aka na ike nke protein. Enweghị hormone na-eduga na mmepe nke ọrịa shuga.

Ọrịa a na - ebute ọnwụ nke aru, mmiri na - enweghị mmiri na ịba ụba nke acid, nke na - aghọ isi ihe na - akpata ọrịa mamịrị na ọnwụ.

Glucagon, n'ụzọ dị iche na insulin, na-eme ka ịba ụba nke shuga n'ọbara. Hormone na-eme ka akụkụ glycogen nke imeju na-eto ngwa ngwa. Site na ya, abụba na-agbanwe ngwa ngwa ka carbohydrates, nke na-eduga n'ịba ụba glucose ọbara.

Hormone somatostatin, dị ka insulin na glucagon, na-arụ ọrụ endocrine n'ime ahụ. Ọ na-emekọrịta ihe na glucagon. Site na somatostatin, a na-ahụkarị mmepụta glucagon nkịtị. Mkpụrụ ahụ homonụ, ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, na-egbochi imepụta glucagon.

Ọnọdụ na nhazi

Anụ a na-efegharị bụ akwara dị mmadụ nso. Agba ya nwere ndò na acha na agba aja aja. Aha anụ ahụ n’onwe ya na-egosi ọnọdụ n’okpuru afọ, nke bụchacha eziokwu. N’okpuru afọ, ọ bụ mgbe mmadụ dina. N’ebe onye noro n’onodu ya, o no n’otu uzo ahu ya na afo ya. Ihe njiri mara akụkụ ahụ bụ akụkụ ụfọdụ.

Ọdịdị anetom

A gland dị n'azụ afọ dabara nke ọma na mgba nke abụọ ahụ. Ọ dị n'azụ peritoneum na azụ azụ nke afọ, dịka nke spain ọ dị na ọkwa nke 1st lumbar vertebrae.

Maka ahụ, ihe ndị a na-egosi bụ njiri mara:

• ibu - nkezi nke 75 g;
• ogologo ngosipụta na ndị okenye bụ 14-21 cm;
• obosara dị - 3-8 cm;
• ọkpụrụkpụ - ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 3 cm.

Usoro mmeme ahụ gụnyere ihe atọ dị na ya: isi, ahụ, na ọdụ.

Isi bụ akụkụ kachasị ukwuu. Ogo ya bụ 3.5 cm .. Ọ bụ akụkụ a na-etinye aka na mgbaze. N’akụkụ ọdụ ahụ, akwara ahụ na-ekwupụta nke ukwuu.

Isi na-adakọ n'ụzọ chiri anya na duodenum ma ọ dị na mmekọrita ya ka nke ikpeazụ wee nwee ụdị nke akpukpo uhie. Isi ga - kewapụ n’ahụ gland site n’uzọ nke eriri vene ahụ dị.

Ahụ nke gland bụ 1 cm dị obere karịa isi ya ma nwee ọdịdị nke triangle.

O nwere uzo ndia:

• ihu, chere ihu n'azu afọ;
• azụ, n'akụkụ akụkụ nke spain, akwara amụ nwa, nwa afọ;
• ala, na-agbadata ala na ihu.

Akụ ahụ nwere ọdịdị nke cone ma na-eduzi ya ma aka ekpe. Ọ dị n'akụkụ amị mkpụrụ ahụ. Ogo ya dị ihe dịka 3 cm.

N’ime ogologo anụ ahụ niile na-agafe isi mmiri na-abanye n’ime duodenum. Akụkụ akụkụ nile nke anụ ahụ nọ na nchekwa nke anụ ahụ njikọ.

Ihe akwara ji mara ọbara - akwara ndị dị mma maka akụkụ ya niile. Ọkpụkpụ akwara na-abịaru ọdụ na ahụ aka, yana nke ala yana akwara nke dị elu na-abịa nso n'isi. N'ihi akwara nke akụkụ ahụ, a na-eme ọbara site n'ahụ ya.

Ndị nwere ọmịiko, yana sistemụ ntụgharị parasympathetic, na-enyekwa akwara ahụ nke ọma. Nke mbu na-enye ya n'ihi ihe ochicho celiac, nke abuo - n’ihi akwara ikpu.

N'inwe nnukwu ihe mgbu n'ime mmadụ megide ọrịa akwara, a na-atụ aro ka ọ nọrọ ọdụ n'oche nwere ntụgharị ihu. Ọnọdụ a nke anụ ahụ ga - enyere gị aka belata ibu dị na ahụ ọrịa site n'akụkụ nke afọ na spain, nke na - enyere aka belata ọrịa mgbu.

Ọkpụkpọ agbụrụ

Nri a nwere ihe eji aru alveolar-tubular, nke kewara na lobules. N'etiti ha bụ irighiri akwara, akwara na akwara ọbara. Site n'enyemaka nke ducts ahụ, a na-achịkọta ihe nzuzo nke gland ma na-ebuga ya na ebe nchekwa ahụ.

Enwere akụkụ abụọ nke pancreas - nke mbụ a na-akpọ exocrine, nke abụọ - endocrine.

Akụkụ exocrine nwere 98% nke olu dum. Ọ gụnyere acini na excretory ducts. Otu n'ime ha, nke a na-akpọ ọkpọkọ a na-ahụkarị, na-abanye duodenum.

Acini di gburugburu, udi ha kacha bu 150 micron. Acinus nwere ụdị sel sel abụọ.

Mkpụrụ ndụ mbụ bụ ductal ma ana - akpọ ya sel sel, yana nke abụọ bụ akwụkwọ nzuzo, a na - akpọ ha exocrine pancreatocytes. Ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpụrụ ndụ nzuzo dị malite na 8 ruo 12.

Ọdịiche nke acini nọchiri anya site na eriri abụọ na ngalaba nzuzo. A na - ejikọta ducts na - abanye na njikọ ntanetị, nke na - abanye n'ime akwara intralobular.

Nke ikpeazụ a na-abanye n'ime mkpụkọ interlobular, na-ekwurịta okwu na duct.

Akụkụ endocrine bụ 2% nke gland dum. Ihe owuwu ya gụnyere agwaetiti nke Langerhans, nke dị n'etiti acini.

A na - kewapụrụ ụyọkọ sel ndị a site na acini site na anụ ahụ jikọrọ ọnụ. A na-eji ụyọkọ ụgbọ mmiri na-abanye n'agwaetiti ndị ahụ nke ukwuu.

Na mgbakwunye na mmepụta insulin, glucagon na somatostatin, mkpụrụ ndụ islet na-emepụta homonụ dị ka vasoactive peptide na polypeptide pancreatic.

Na obere olu, sel nke islets nke Langerhans nwere tyroliberin na gastrin. Ihe izizi mbu na etinye aka na mmezi nke usoro uche, nke abuo na - etinye aka na eriri afọ nke usoro nri.

Etu esi mata akara nke usoro mkpali?

Usoro mgbochi oria na pancreas na-aputa ihe dika otutu akara aka. Nke mbu bu nsogbu adighi. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe mgbu na-apụta n’ahụ mmadụ mgbe ọ richara oke nri ma ọ bụ nke na-ekpo ekpo.

Threedị ọrịa atọ dị iche iche nwere ike igosipụta mmepe nke mbufụt ke ahụ:

• nsogbu na mpụta nzuzo;
• ọrịa na-egbu mmụọ;
• odida na nzuzo nke ime.

Ọ bụrụ na ọ nwere ọrụ dị na ọrụ exocrine, mgbe ahụ onye ahụ nwere akara ndị a na-egosi mbufụt:

• mẹ mbọku;
• goms na-adịghị ike, gosipụtara na ọbara ọgbụgba ha;
• mbelata nke ukwuu n’arụ ahụ;
• ụkwara ugboro ugboro, ọgbụgbọ;
• angulitis (ọdịdọ na akuku ọnụ).

A na-egosipụta ọrịa na-emebi emebi site na mgbaàmà dị iche iche nke mmepe nke oke mbufụt:

• chia ike;
• ike adighi ike;
• nnukwu ihe mgbu na peritoneum;
• ọgbụgbọ
• odo akpụkpọ anụ;
• agụụ na-adịghị mma;
• nkwonkwo mgbu.

Ọrịa ndị a bụ ihe ngosipụta ndị na-esonye na ọdịda arụ ọrụ intracecretory.

• mmepụta insulin na-adịghị mma;
• mmepe nke ọrịa shuga;
• ọ bụrụ ihe arụ nke ike ahụ ka ọ nwere ike ịmị glucose.

Vidiyo banyere ihe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa pancreatic:

Otu ihe na-ebute mbufụt bụ pancreatitis, nke nwere ike ikpuchi ma akụkụ ahụ ya dum na akụkụ ya niile.

Ọrịa nke mgbu ahụ dabere na akụkụ gland amụrụ ọkụ:

• ya na mbufụt nke aru nke gland - ihe mgbu n’elu otube;
• ya na usoro mkpali na ọdụ - mgbu n'ime hypochondrium ekpe;
• ya na ọrịa nke gland dum - na - enwe ihe mgbu n'elu akụkụ nke afọ, na - erute na scapula, azụ;
• ya na usoro mbufụt n’isi - mgbu n’ime hypochondrium dị mma.

Ọrịa Pancreatitis nwere ike ịnwe ụdị ọria na-adịghị ala ala. A na-egosipụta ọrịa a site na mgbaàmà izugbe, na-egosipụtakarị mgbe mmadụ hasụsịrị mmanya ma ọ bụ nri abụba.

Ihe omuma nke pancreatitis bu ndi a:

• ọgbụgbọ
• nnukwu ọnya;
• mgbu afọ
• mmụba n’ime afọ;
• vom siri ike;
• afọ ọsịsa;
• nchapụta nke itching na anụ ahụ;
• edo edo.

Ejiri ụdị ọrịa a na oge e ji enwe oge mgbu na ọnụnọ ha. Mgbu na-akacha ewute ma mmadụ dinaa azụ. N'ụdị ọrịa akwara na-adịghị ala ala, mgbu na-apụtakarị n'abalị na afọ na-enweghị nri. Ma, iri nri adighi eme ka ha ghara isi ike. N'ọdịnihu, oge mgbaghara nwere ike ịme.

Otu esi elekọta ígwè?

Iji mee ka arụ ọrụ dị n'akpịrịkpa dị mkpa:

• Ebula ibu ma obu ibu ya;
• amachi ị ofụ mmanya, abụba na nri eghe;
• na-arịa ọrịa gallstone n'oge;
• debe nri n’etiti nri ugboro anọ n’ụbọchị;
• igbochi ojiji nke carbohydrates na protein protein;
• nyochaa nri calorie, jigide ịdị mkpa nkịtị;
• ọrịa na-agwọta oge na-emetụta eriri afọ na afọ;
• na ọnụnọ nke ọrịa akwara na-adịghị ala ala, lelee usoro nke enzyme.

Vidiyo si na Dr. Malysheva banyere ilekọta pancreas:

Na nkenke, enwere akara atọ gbasara nlekọta:

• nri kwesiri ekwesi na ewepu mmanya, nri eghe na nke abuba n’iri nri;
• iwepu okwute pụtara n’oge ana - ata ahụhụ n’ihi oke ihe egwu nke ha banyere n’ime nnukwu ebulu ahụ;
• ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ nke mgbaze nri.

Nnukwu emetụta ahụike nke anụ ahụ omume ọjọọ. Mmanya na-aba n’anya na ise siga bụ ihe na-akpatakarị ọrịa mmadụ na-akpata. Ọ dị mkpa iwepu nsị na-ekpokọtara ahụ n'ahụ oge nri site na nri kwesịrị ekwesị yana ojiji nke ịkwado enzyme.