Maka shuga, parammita dị mkpa na-ekpebi ụzọ ọzọ ọrịa ahụ bụ ịchọpụta ya na mbido, mgbe enwere ike idobe usoro metabolic n'ihi njikọ nke insulin na pancreas.
Ya mere, njirimara nke otu dị iche iche maka ọrịa mellitus nwere ike inyere aka ịchọpụta na ndị so na ụdị ndị a nwere mkpalite ịmalite ọrịa shuga ma bido igbochi ọrịa ahụ na enweghị enweghị ngosipụta ọgwụgwọ.
A na-atụ aro ka ị na-ejikwa ọkwa glucose maka onye ọ bụla nwere ihe na-emetụta mmepe nke ọrịa shuga ọ dịkarịa ala 1 oge kwa afọ, yana ịgbanwe ụzọ ndụ ha, mụbaa ọrụ anụ ahụ, ma dozie nri.
Ihe ndị ọrịa shuga na-agaghị achọpụta
Onwere ihe kpatara ogba aria mellitus nke mmadu apughi isi mee ya, ma nke a aputaghi na mmadu niile bidoro oria oria ma oburu na ha no. Ọnụnọ nke otu ihe ma ọ bụ karịa nke otu a bụ ihe kpatara iji kpachara anya karị maka ahụike gị na ntinye nke mgbochi mgbochi dị mfe.
Ihe kachasị mkpa na-ekpebi mmepe nke ọrịa shuga bụ ịkọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa. Y’oburu na inwe ezigbo ndi ikwu gi nke bu oria n’aria mamiri, enwere ohere nke ịria oria na-abawanye. Ọ bụrụ na otu onye n'ime ndị nne na nna ahụ nwere ọrịa shuga 1, yabụ puru omume ga-abawanye site na 7% ma ọ bụrụ na nne ahụ na-arịa ọrịa na site na nna 10%.
Ọ bụrụ n’inwere nne na nna na-arịa ọrịa (ma ọ bụ ezigbo ndị ikwu, ndị ọrịa mamịrị), ohere iketa shuga na-abawanye ruo 70%. N'okwu a, ụdị ọrịa shuga nke abụọ nke ndị nne na nna na-arịa ọrịa na-ekesa ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ 100% nke ikpe, yana ọrịa nke otu n'ime ha, nwatakịrị nwere ike ịrịa ọrịa shuga na 80% nke ikpe.
Ihe ize ndụ nke ibute ọrịa shuga na-abawanye na afọ maka ụdị ọrịa nke abụọ, enwerekwa nchọpụta na-arịwanye elu nke ọrịa shuga na agbụrụ ụfọdụ, nke gụnyere ndị amaala North, Siberia, Buryatia na Caucasus.
A na-ahụkarị ihe ndị metụtara mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na kromosom na-akpata mmekorita akụkọ ihe mere eme nke anụ ahụ, mana enwere ọrịa afọ ndụ ndị ọzọ na-arịa ọrịa shuga:
- Ọrịa ọgbụgba.
- Down Ọrịa.
- Myotonic dystrophy.
- Ọrịa Turner.
Ọrịa shuga
Ọrịa nje bụ ihe na - akpatakarị mmeghachi omume nke ịmepụta nguzobe akpaaka n’akpụ sel nke pancreas ma ọ bụ n’ihe ndị mejupụtara ya. Nke a kachasị mkpa maka ụdị ọrịa shuga mbụ. Ọzọkwa, nje ahụ nwere ike imebi ihe na mkpụrụ ndụ beta.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-ahụta mmepe nke ọrịa shuga mgbe ọrịa congenital rubella, Coxsackie, ọrịa cytomegalovirus, akpịrị, mumps na ịba ọcha n'anya, enwerekwa ọrịa shuga mgbe ọrịa oria na-efe efe.
A na-egosipụta omume nke nje na ndị nwere oke eketa ma ọ bụ mgbe a na-ejikọ usoro ibute ọrịa yana ọrịa nke usoro endocrine na ịba ụba. Ya mere, nje abụghị ihe na-akpata ọrịa shuga, kama ọ bụ ọrụ dịka ụdị mkpalite.
Na ọrịa nke pancreas, ya bụ, nnukwu na ala ala pancreatitis, pancreatic necrosis ma ọ bụ usoro tumor, mmerụ nke eriri afọ, cystic fibrosis, yana fibrocalculeous pancreatopathy, ọ nwere ike ịmalite mgbaàmà nke hyperglycemia, nke na-agbanwe n'ime ọrịa shuga mellitus.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, na mkpochapu usoro mkpali na nri kwesịrị ekwesị, nsogbu ahụ na-apụ n'anya.
Risktù ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ maka ọrịa mellitus bụ ọrịa endocrine system. Site na ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ, ike nke metabolism metabolism na-abawanye uru n'ihi mmụba nke homonụ na-enwe nsogbu mgbochi, adrenal glands, hypothalamus na thyroid gland. Ọrịa ndị a niile na-eduga n'ọbara glucose ọbara.
Ọtụtụ mgbe jikọtara ya na ọrịa shuga:
- Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome.
- Thyrotoxicosis.
- Acromegaly.
- Polycystic ovary syndrome.
- Pheochromocytoma.
Otu a gunyere oria igba ime, nke umunwanyi so na nsogbu nke ibute oria shuga: ịmụ nwa na-aba 4.5 ma ọ bụ karịa kilogram, ọrịa ịtụrụ ime na-eduga ime ọpụpụ, ịmụ nwa ebu n’afọ, na-amụ nwa, yana n’ihu mmegharị ahụ. oria shuga.
Nri Ọrịa na Egwu Ọrịa shuga
Ihe kachasị dị mfe mmegharị (agbanwe) maka ọrịa shuga bụ oke ibu. Ibu ibu ọbụladị 5 n'arọ nwere ike imetụta ọrịa ahụ. Nke kachasị dị ize ndụ site na echiche nke nsogbu nke carbohydrate bụ oke abụba na mpaghara ukwu, na ụmụ nwoke nwere mpaghara ihe ize ndụ na mpaghara nwere oke karịrị 102 cm, na ụmụ nwanyị nwere oke karịa 88 cm.
Ihe ozo di nkpa bu ntupo nke aru. Maka ọrịa shuga, ụkpụrụ dị karịa 27 n'arọ / m2 dị mkpa. Site n’ibelata n’arụ ahụ, ọ ga-ekwe omume iweghachi uche anụ ahụ na insulin, yana iji kwụọ ụgwọ ngosipụta nke ụdị shuga nke 2.
Na mgbakwunye, na ịhazi oke ibu, a na - egbochi ọdịnaya nke immunoreactive insulin n'ime ọbara, ọdịnaya nke lipids, cholesterol, glucose, ọbara mgbali elu, na nsogbu nke ọrịa shuga mellitus.
Iji belata ibu ọ na-atụ aro:
- Mwepu zuru oke nke nri carbohydrate dị mma site na shuga n'ụdị shuga na ntụ ọka ọcha, nri anụmanụ nwere abụba, yana ndị na-eme ka ọ flavorụ na mmiri na-edozi ahụ.
- N’otu oge ahụ, nri kwesiri inwe ezigbo akwụkwọ nri, akwukwo nri, nri protein di ala.
- Ekwesighi ịhapụ agụụ ka ị mee, maka nke a ịchọrọ nri ka ọ dịkarịa ala iri nri 6.
- Ọ dị mkpa ịta ata nri nke ọma, were ya zuo ike.
- Oge ikpeazu ị nwere ike iri nri karịa mgbe elekere 3 tupu ị lakpuo ụra
- Ekwesịrị ịdị iche iche ma menu ngwaahịa sitere n'okike.
Maka ụmụaka, ihe egwu nke ibute ọrịa shuga na-abawanye site na mbido mbugharị nke nri mmadụ, mbido mmalite nke nri mejupụtara na carbohydrates dị mfe.
Ihe ndị ọzọ dị ize ndụ na-akpata ọrịa shuga
Ihe ndị nwere ike ibute ọrịa shuga mellitus na ndị okenye gụnyere ị diụ ọgwụ mkpụrụ sitere na thiazides, beta-mgbochi, ọgwụ homonụ nke gụnyere glucocorticoid, homonụ mmekọahụ, gụnyere mgbochi afọ, homonụ thyroid.
Mmega ahụ dị obere na-ebelata usoro metabolic na ahụ, gụnyere imebi ojiji nke glucose, nke na-esite na nri, na arụ ọrụ anụ ahụ na-akpalite oke abụba na mbelata oke olu. Ya mere, arụ ọrụ arụ ọrụ arụ ọrụ egosipụtara maka ndị niile nwere ọrịa ọria mamịrị.
A na-enwekarị ikpe mgbe ọrịa shuga mellitus na-emegide ihe ndabere nke nnukwu nchekasị, yabụ, na ọnụnọ nke ọnọdụ ọnya, a na-atụ aro ka ị na-eme mmega ahụ iku ume, na-agụnye ịga ije kwa ụbọchị ma ọ dịkarịa ala otu awa, ma mụta usoro izu ike.
Vidiyo dị n’isiokwu a ga-ekwu maka ịkọ ihe ga - ebute ọrịa shuga.
