Kedu ihe bụ glucagon hormone na glucagon ọgwụ

Glucagon bụ otu n’ime ọtụtụ homonụ dị n’ahụ anyị. Ọ na-agbasi mbọ ike na carbohydrate na ụdị metabolism ndị ọzọ. Site na glucagon, usoro ziri ezi nke shuga ọbara kwere omume. Ọ na - arụ ọrụ na njikọta insulin: mgbe ọ dị mkpa, na - egbochi mmetụta ya; mgbe ọ gbasasịrị mgbatị ahụ, n'ụzọ, ọ na-akpali. Ọgwụ na glucagon bụ ụzọ dị irè nke enyemaka enyemaka mberede, eji ya kpochapụ hypoglycemic precoma na coma.

Glucagon na Metabolism

Nri a na-aru aru otutu. Exocrine mejupụtara na mmepụta ihe ọ juiceụ digụ nke mmiri, nke a na-ewepu site na ya n'ime duodenum 12. Ọrụ endocrine bụ mmepụta na ntọhapụ ozugbo n'ime ọbara polypeptides na homonụ: insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, ghrelin na ndị ọzọ. A na-etinye nchịkọta nke ihe ndị a na agwaetiti Langerhans, ọrụ ndị ahụ dị n'etiti ọtụtụ sel. A na-emepụta Glucagon site na mkpụrụ ndụ a; ha na-agụta ihe dị ka 20% nke ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpụrụ ndụ ndị dị n'agwaetiti ndị a na-ahụkarị.

Glucagon na-ezo aka na homonụ polypeptide, ọ na-emetụta ụdị metabolism niile. Isi ọrụ glucagon bụ ịgbagha insulin:

N’ime onye ahụ dị mma, glucose ọbara adịghị agbanwe nke ukwuu, mgbe o rie ya ngwa ngwa laghachi na nkịtị. Regulation nke glycemia bụ usoro siri ike, nke gụnyere ụbụrụ, eriri afọ, akwara, glanduronia, akwara na akwara, akụrụ, imeju na akụkụ ndị ọzọ. N'ihi ọrụ a haziri ahazi, a na-edozi ọkwa glucose dị mma maka metabolism.

Ngwakọta anụ ahụ

Ọ bụrụ na shuga dị n'ọbara dara n'ihi mmega ahụ ma ọ bụ enweghị nri, njikọ glucagon na-abawanye nke ukwuu. Gịnị na-eme mgbe nke a mee:

Ọrịa shuga na oke nrụgide ga-abụ ihe mgbe ochie

• Normalization shuga -95%
• Mwepu nke akwara mbufụt - 70%
• Mwepu nke obi ike -90%
• Bibie ọbara mgbali elu - 92%
• Mmụba na ume n'ụbọchị, na-eme ka ụra na-ehi ụra n'abalị -97%

1. A na-etinye glycogen na-echekwa imeju. A na-agbada Glycogen, na-atụba ya n'ọbara n'ụdị glucose, glycemia normalizes. Nsonaazụ nke glucagon adịghị emetụta nkwụnye glycogen na akwara akwara.
2. Imeju na-amalite imepụta glucose site na pyruvate na ihe ndị ọzọ na-adịghị enye carbohydrate.
3. Iri nri glucose na mmepụta ike na-eji nwayọ nwayọ.
4. Achọrọ ike nke ahụ mmadụ na-amalite inwe afọ ojuju n'ihi anụ abụba, itinye uche nke acids ọdụdụ na ọbara na-abawanye. N'otu oge ahụ, ahụ ketone, ngwaahịa nke mmebi abụba, na-amalite ịbanye n'ọbara.
5. Ozugbo ahapụ glucagon, mmepụta insulin na-ebili. N'ihi mgbochi ha, a na-egbochi hyperglycemia.
6. Glucagon homonụ ahụ na-enye mgbalite nke obi, mmụba na ike na ugboro ole nke contractions. N'ihi mmụba nke nrụgide, nri nke anụ ahụ niile na-edozi ahụ.
7. Mwepụta nke catecholamines na-abawanye, oke iwe na-apụta. Mmadu nwere ike inweta egwu, iwe. Symptomsdị mgbaàmà ndị a doro anya na-eme ka ị attentionaa ntị n'ọnọdụ gị wee kpochapụ hypoglycemia.
8. N'ihe dị ukwuu, homonụ ahụ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ọgwụ mgbochi: na-eme ka uru eriri afọ dị.

A na-emepụta Glucagon na nzaghachi maka mbelata nke glycemia, mmụba nke insulin. A na-akpali njikọ nke Glucagon site na sistemụ akwara autonomic, yabụ mmepụta ya na-abawanye site na iji ọgwụ ọmịiko na adrenostimulants.

Ọbara shuga dị ukwuu, oke nke ozu ketone na ọdụdụ abụba n'ime akwara ọbara, na ọkwa somatostatin dị elu na-egbochi mmepụta glucagon.

Ojiji glucagon

N'ime usoro mmalite, a na-egbochi nchịkwa hypoglycemia site na nchịkwa ọnụ nke nchịkwa carbohydrates ngwa ngwa nke mmiri ara ehi: mmanụ a ,ụ, shuga, ihe ụtọ, ihe ọ fruitụ juụ mkpụrụ osisi. Ọ bụrụ na echefue oge a ma onye ọrịa ahụ daa mbà, enwere ụzọ abụọ iji bulie glycemia: site na nchịkwa glucose ma ọ bụ glucagon. Maka glucose, a chọrọ nchịkwa intraven, yabụ, ekwesighi ya dị ka onye nnọchi anya ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa. Ma enwere ike itinye glucagon intramuscularly, sitekwa na usoro nchịkwa a, ọ na-amalite ime ihe mgbe 5-15 gasịrị.

Ọdịdị nke glucagon n'ime anụ anụmanụ niile bụ ihe yiri ya; n'ime mmadụ, enwere ike iji homonụ anụmanụ nke ọma. Iji kwụsị hypoglycemia, a na-ejikarị ọgwụ ndị a na-enweta site na ehi ma ọ bụ na nri ezé. Ọdịdị nke glucagon bụ nke amara nke ọma, yabụ, ụlọ nyocha nke hormone ahụ ka ejirila usoro injinịa mkpụrụ ndụ.

Ugbu a, ọ bụ naanị otu glucagon ọgwụ ka edebanyere aha na ọgwụ ndị Russia - GlucaGen HypoKit, nke ụlọ ọrụ Danish NovoNordisk mepụtara. Ihe dị n'ime ya bụ glucagon hydrochloride, nke usoro ụlọ nyocha rụpụtara, na-eji ụdị mgbanwe nke nje nje Escherichia coli. Ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụ n'ụdị ntụ ntụ, nke a na-etinye n'ime karama.

Ngwunye ahụ nwere otu karama nwere 1 mg nke glucagon ntụ ntụ, sirinji nwere ihe mgbaze, pensụl maka ọ dị mma iburu ọgwụ ahụ na ntuziaka. Ọnụ ego nke setịpụrụ sitere na 635 ruo 750 rubles.

Oge ntanetị

Isi ihe eji etinye ọgwụ ahụ n'ọrụ bụ enyemaka nke hypoglycemia n'ọnọdụ ebe nchịkwa glucose na-agaghị ekwe omume n'ihi enweghị mmụọ ma ọ bụ omume na-ekwesịghị ekwesị. Ihe kpatara hypoglycemia nwere ike ịbụ njupụta nke insulin, ụfọdụ ọgwụ antidiabet, agụụ, nrụgide ogologo oge.

N'ime ụlọ ọgwụ, a na-eji glucagon dị ka otu n'ime nlekọta ihe mberede maka nsị na ọgwụ obi. A ga - ejikwa ya na nyocha nke eriri afọ dịka ụzọ iji mee ka akwara dị jụụ.

Ihe omume

Isi ọrụ glucagon bụ ichikota ụlọ ahịa glycogen. Homonụ ewepụtara amalitere glycogenolysis usoro, n'ihi ihe nke glycogen na-agbasa n'imeju ya na ume glucose phosphorylated. Oge mmalite nke homonụ ahụ dabere na usoro nchịkwa. Na ọbara shuga dị n’ime ọbara na-amalite itolite mgbe oge 1 gachara, nsonaazụ ya ga-eru nkeji iri abụọ. A na-ahọrọ ụzọ nke nchịkwa intramuscular ma ọ bụrụ na ị bụghị ọrụ ahụike. Ọrịa glycemia na-amalite ịba ụba mgbe nkeji ise gachara. Nkeji 10 mgbe ịgba ntụtụ ahụ, onye ọrịa na-agbakeghari na mmụọ. Oge ngụkọta oge ana-eme ihe ruru nkeji iri anọ. Site na nchịkwa subcutaneous, iwebata glucagon n'ime ọbara bụ nwayọ - site na ọkara otu elekere.

Ọgwụ ahụ enweghị ọgwụgwọ maka ndị ọrịa nwere oke glycogen nwere oke. Ihe kpatara enweghi ike glycogen nwere ike ịrịa ọrịa shuga na hypoglycemia ugboro ugboro, nri na-enweghị carbohydrate, agụụ, ịhoụbiga mmanya ókè, ị administrationụbiga mmanya ókè, nchịkwa glucagon ugboro ugboro. Glycogen nwere ike ọ gaghị ezu iji ọgwụ ọgwụ ike ririlata shuga.

Iwu mmeghe

Glucagon kwesịrị ịkwadebe maka nchịkwa. Usoro

1. Anyị na-ewepụ okpu ahụ na karama ahụ, na okpu ahụ na agịga syringe.
2. Fanye agịga ahụ na stopa rọba, hapụ mmiri mmiri niile si na sirinji n'ime vial ahụ.
3. Na-ewepụghị agịga ahụ, kpaghapụ vial ya maka otu nkeji iji gbazee ntụ ntụ.
4. Anyị na-anakọta ngwụcha azịza ahụ n'ime sirinji.
5. Jiri agịga bulie sirinji elu, na-ewepụta ikuku site na ịpị ọkpọ ahụ.

Enwere ike ịgba ntụtụ ahụ n'olu ọ bụla enwere ike ịnweta, mana ọ ka mma na mmachi ma ọ bụ apata ụkwụ. Dika ntuziaka eji eme ihe, enyere ndi okenye ihe omuma ha nile, ndi umuaka na ndi umuaka na ndi umu aka ha adighi erughi kilogram 25 - nkera nke homonu ahu. Ozugbo onye na-arịa ọrịa mamịrị matara, ọ dị mkpa ka enye ya glucose ka ọ drinkụọ: ọgwụ ahịa, tii dị ụtọ ma ọ bụ mmiri ọ .ụ .ụ. Ọ bụrụ na enweghị mgbanwe na ọnọdụ onye ọrịa ahụ nkeji iri ma ọ bụ karịa, ọ chọrọ nlekọta ahụike ngwa ngwa.

Nchedo nchekwa

Mgbe ị na-eduzi glucagon, ihe ndị a kwesịrị ịtụle:

• Na hyperglycemia, glucagon nwere ike ime ka ọnọdụ onye ọrịa ka njọ. Ihe mgbaàmà nke hyper- na hypoglycemia yiri nke ahụ, yabụ, ọ ga-adị mma ka ị tụọ shuga tupu inye homonụ ahụ.
• Ọrịa nwere ike ịbụ ihe nfụkasị akụkụ nke ọgwụ ahụ, a na-enyocha ihe ize ndụ nke anaphylactic ujo dị ka ala.
• Enwere ike inye homonụ ahụ n’oge ime yana HB n’enweghi nsogbu nye nwa ahụ.
• Enweghị ike iji pheochromocytoma nwere ike iji Glucagon mee ihe, n'ihi na nke a bụ nnukwu nrụgide dị elu.
• Ntinye ọgwụ a nwere ike ịba uru na nchịkwa ọnụ ogologo oge nke indomethacin. N'ọnọdụ ndị a na-adịghị ahụkebe, hypoglycemia na-adị njọ karị.
• Homonụ ahụ na - akwalite ọrụ nke anticoagulants.

Mgbe nchịkwa glucagon, nkụchi obi nwere ike ịba ụba, nrụgide nwere ike ịba ụba, tachycardia nwa oge nwere ike ime, ọgbụgbọ nwere ike ịpụta. Mgbe ị na-a betaụ ọgwụ mgbochi beta, a na-ekwukarị mgbaàmà ndị a karịa.