Sucrose bụ ihe dị ndụ, ma ọ bụ carbohydrate, ma ọ bụ disaccharide, nke ihe mejupụtara akụkụ glucose na fructose. E guzobere ya na mwepụ nke ụmụ irighiri mmiri site na shuga dị elu.
Njirimara kemịkal nke sucrose dị iche iche. Dị ka anyị niile maara, ọ na-agbanye mmiri na mmiri (n'ihi nke a, anyị nwere ike ị drinkụ tii na kọfị) dị ụtọ, yana n'ụdị mmanya abụọ - methanol na ethanol. Ma n'otu oge ahụ, ihe ahụ na-ejigide ya kpamkpam ma ọ bụrụ na ekpughere ya na diethyl ether. Ọ bụrụ na sucrose na-ewe iwe karịa ogo 160, mgbe ahụ ọ na-agbanwe ghọọ caramel nkịtị. Agbanyeghị, na njinjiji ma ọ bụ ekpughe ọkụ n’enweghi ike, ihe ahụ nwere ike ịmalite ịmị ọkụ.
Na mmeghachi omume na ngwọta nke hydroxide ọla kọpa, sucrose na-enye agba na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha anụnụ anụnụ. A na-eji mmeghachi omume a n'ọtụtụ ebe na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche iji wepụta ma mee ka ihe "ụtọ" dị ọcha.
O buru na uzo ihe omuma nke ihe di n’ime ya n’enwe oku ma gosi ya ufodu enzymes ma obu mmanu siri ike, nke a ga - eduga n’inweta hydrolysis nke ihe ahu. Nsonaazụ nke mmeghachi omume a bụ ngwakọta nke fructose na glucose, nke a na-akpọ "shuga inert". A na-eji ngwakọta a na-atọ ụtọ ngwaahịa dị iche iche iji nweta mmanụ a artifụ na-eme ka mmadụ, maka mmepụta molasses na caramel na polyols.
Ntughari nke ahu na aru
Sucrose agbanweghi agbanwe n’arụ anyị. Mgbaze ya bidoro n’etinye ọnụ site n’enyemaka nke amylase, enzyme nke mere maka mbibi nke monosaccharides.
Nke mbu, hydrolysis nke ihe ahu gha eme. Mgbe ahụ, ọ na-abanye n'afọ, wee banye na obere eriri afọ, ebe, n'ezie, isi usoro mgbaze na-amalite. Enzyme nke a na-akpọ sucrose na-egbochi ndakpọ nke disaccharide anyị n'ime glucose na fructose. Ọzọkwa, insulin homonụ a na-eme ka a na-egbu, bụ́ nke na-ahụ maka ịnọgide na-enwe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ shuga dị n'ọbara nkịtị, na-eme ka protein ndị na-ebu ebu.
Ihe nchebe ndị a na-ebuga monosaccharides nke hydrolysis nwetara n'ime enterocytes (mkpụrụ ndụ mejupụtara mgbidi nke obere eriri afọ) n'ihi mgbasa mgbasa. Iszọ ụgbọ njem dị iche - iche, n'ihi nke glucose na-abanyekwa na mucosa eriri afọ n'ihi ọdịiche ya na ntinye nke sodium ion. Ọ dị ezigbo ụtọ na ụdị ụgbọ njem na-adabere na ọnụọgụ glucose. Y’oburu n’inweta ya nke ukwuu, mgbe ahu ka uzo esi abanye ngbasa di otutu ma oburu na ezughi oke, mgbe ahu iga njem n’oru ike.
Mgbe imesachara n’ime ọbara, a na - ekewa ihe anyị bụ “ụtọ” ụzọ abụọ. Otu n'ime ha na-abanye na akwara Portal ma banye n’imeju, ebe a na-echekwa ya n’ụdị glycogen, nke abụọ na-abanyekwa n’anụ ahụ ndị ọzọ. N'ime sel gị nwere glucose, a na-akpọ usoro anaerobic glycolysis, n'ihi nsonaazụ nke lactic acid na adenosine triphosphoric acid (ATP). ATP bụ isi mmalite nke ike maka usoro ọrụ metabolic na ume ike n'ime ahụ, na lactic acid na oke oke ya nwere ike ịgbakọ na akwara, nke na-akpata mgbu.
A na-ahụ nke a mgbe ọzụzụ ọzụzụ anụ ahụ abawanye ụba n'ihi ụba glucose.
Ọrụ na ụkpụrụ nke oriri sucrose
Sucrose bụ ogige nke enweghị ịdị adị nke ahụ mmadụ agaghị ekwe omume.
Ihe onyinye ahụ na-etinye aka na mmeghachi omume abụọ ahụ na-enye ike na kemịkal metabolism.
Sucrose na-ebute ụzọ dị mma nke ọtụtụ usoro.
Iji maa atụ:
- Na-akwado mkpụrụ ndụ ọbara nkịtị;
- Na-enye ọrụ dị mkpa na ọrụ nke akwara sel na akwara akwara;
- Na-esonye na nchekwa nke glycogen - ụdị ebusa glucose;
- Na-akpali ọrụ ụbụrụ;
- Na-eme ka ebe nchekwa ka mma;
- Na-enye anụ ahụ na ntutu dị mma.
Ngwongwo bara uru niile dị n’elu, ịkwesịrị iripịa shuga n’ụzọ ziri ezi ma pere mpe. Dị ka o kwesịrị ịdị, ihe ọ sweetụ sweetụ dị ụtọ, soda, achịcha dị iche iche, mkpụrụ osisi na tomato na-ebukwa n'uche, n'ihi na ha nwekwara glucose. E nwere ụfọdụ ụkpụrụ maka iji shuga kwa ụbọchị.
Maka ụmụaka gbara otu afọ na afọ atọ, ọ nweghị ihe karịrị gram gram 15 ka a na-atụ aro ya, maka ụmụaka ndị gbara afọ isii karịa - enweghị ihe karịrị gram 25, na maka mkpụrụ ndụ zuru oke, ọgwụ kwa ụbọchị ekwesịghị gafere 40 gram. Otu ngaji shuga nwere gram gram 5 nke ihe a, nke ya na kilogram iri abụọ.
Na enweghi glucose n’aru (hypoglycemia), ihe ngosi ndia neme:
- ịda mba nke oge nile;
- Ọnọdụ enweghị mmasị;
- ụba iwe;
- Ọnọdụ nkụda mmụọ na nkụda mmụọ;
- isi ọwụwa dịka oke isi ọwụwa;
- ike gwụrụ mmadụ ngwa ngwa;
- a na-egbochi ọrụ ụbụrụ;
- a na-ahụfu ntutu;
- mkpụrụ ndụ akwara.
O kwesiri icheta na mkpa glucose abughi otu ihe. Ọ na-abawanye site na ọrụ ọgụgụ isi siri ike, ebe ọ chọrọ ume ọzọ iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ akwara, yana mmerụ ahụ dị iche iche, n’ihi na sucrose bụ ihe na-egbochi mkpụrụ ndụ imeju nwere sọlfọ na acid glucuronic.
Mmetụta ọjọọ nke sucrose
Sucrose, na-agbari n'ime glucose na fructose, na-emekwa ọgwụ ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla, ihe nke na-egbochi mmejuputa ọrụ ha site na mgbochi nchebe.
Icalnwebiga ọgwụ mgbochi ọ bụla na - ebelata ihe nchebe nke sistem.
Molecular na - egbochi usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ, na - eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ibute ọrịa ọ bụla.
Nke a bụ ndepụta nlele nke mmetụta ọjọọ nke sucrose na njiri ha:
- Imebi metabolism.
- Ọrụ enzyme na-ebelata.
- Anụ ahụ na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ ihe achọrọ dị mkpa na vitamin, nke nwere ike ibute infarction myocardial, sclerosis, ọrịa vaskụla, thrombosis.
- Susba ụba nwere ọrịa na-efe efe.
- Enwere acidation nke anụ ahụ ma, n'ihi ya, acidosis na-amalite.
- Calcium na magnesium abanyeghị n'ọtụtụ zuru ezu.
- Ihe ọ ofụ ofụ na-abawanye n’ime ihe ọricụ gastụ na-egbu egbu, nke nwere ike ibute gastritis na ọnya afọ.
- Ebe ọrịa dị na eriri afọ na ngụgụ na - adị, iwe ha nwere ike ibute.
- Ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ibu, helminthic infestations, hemorrhoid, emphysema na-abawanye (emphysema bụ mbelata ike na-agbanwe nke akpa ume).
- N'ime ụmụaka, ọnụ ọgụgụ adrenaline na-abawanye.
- Nnukwu ihe egwu nke ibute ọrịa obi na akwara osteoporosis.
- Ọrịa nke caries na periodontal ọrịa bụ ihe zuru ebe nile.
- Becomemụaka na -akpata ụra ma na-ero ụra.
- Ọbara ọbara Systolic na-ebili.
- N'ihi itinye nnu nnu uric acid, ọgụ ọgụ nwere ike inye gị nsogbu.
- Na-akwalite mmepe nke allergies nri.
- Mmebi nke endocrine pancreas (agwaetiti nke Langerhans), n'ihi nsonaazụ insulin na-ebelata na ọnọdụ dịka nnabata glucose na ọrịa mellitus nwere nsogbu.
- Toxicosis nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ime.
- N'ihi mgbanwe nke ihe owuwu, ntutu isi mbu malitere.
- Akpukpo aru, ntutu na ntu na-efu nchapu, ike na ikwado.
Iji belata mmetụta ọjọọ nke sucrose n'ahụ gị, ị nwere ike ịgbanwere iji ihe ndị na-atọ ụtọ, dị ka Sorbitol, Stevia, Saccharin, Cyclamate, Aspartame, Mannitol.
Ọ kachasị mma iji ndị na-atọ ụtọ anụ ahụ, mana na imeru ihe n'ókè, ebe ọ bụ na oke ha nwere ike ibute mmepe nke afọ ọsịsa.
Ebee ka enwere shuga ma kedu ka esi enweta ya?
A na-achọta Sucrose na nri dịka mmanụ a honeyụ, mkpụrụ vaịn, prun, ụbọchị, beri, marmalade, mịrị, pọmigranet, kuki gingerb, apụl pastille, fig, medlar, mango, ọka.
A na-eme usoro maka ịmịpụta agịga dịka usoro ụfọdụ si dị. A na-enweta ya site na beets sugar. Nke mbu, a na - ehichapu beets ahụ ma gbacha nke ọma na igwe pụrụ iche. A na-edobe uka a na-esite na diffusers, nke esite na ya na-agafe mmiri esi. N'iji usoro a, ọtụtụ nke sucrose na-ahapụ beets. N'ime nsonaazụ a na-arụpụta, a na-etinye mmiri ara ehi nke wayo (ma ọ bụ calcium hydroxide). Ọ na - eme ka ọdịda nke adịghị ike dị iche iche dị na mbido, ma ọ bụ nke ahụ, shuga calcium.
Maka nkwanye carbon dioxide zuru oke. E kwuwerị, a na-agbanwe ihe fọdụrụnụ ma kpochapu. N’ihi ya, a na-ahapụ shuga dịtụ edo edo, ebe ọ bụ na o nwere ntutu. I kpochapu ha, I kwesiri igbari shuga na mmiri ma bufee ya na carbon. Ihe a ghaputara ghapu ma nweta ezigbo mmanu ocha, nke a na-abanye n’okpo oku ozo.
Ebee ka a na-eji sucrose eme ihe?
Sucrose eji:
- A na - eji ụlọ nri eme ihe - a na - eji sucrose eme ihe dị ka ngwaahịa dị iche iche maka nri nke ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mmadụ ọ bụla, a na - agbakwunye ya n'ọtụtụ efere, eji mee ihe dị ka ihe eji egbochi mmiri, iji wepu mmanụ a artifụ keakamere;
- Ọrụ biochemical - nke bụ isi mmalite nke adenosine triphosphoric, pyruvic na lactic acid na usoro anaerobic glycolysis, maka gbaa ụka (na ụlọ ọrụ biya);
- Mmepụta ọgwụ - dị ka otu n’ime ihe agbakwunyere ọtụtụ ntụ mgbe ha ezughi, na syrups ụmụaka, ụdị ọgwụ dị iche iche, mbadamba, dragees, vitamin.
- Cosmetology - maka okpukpu shuga (shugaring);
- Nmeputa mmiri na ulo;
- Omume ọgwụ - dị ka otu n'ime ihe ngwọta na-agbanwe agbanwe nke plasma, ihe ndị na-eme ka ahụ egbu egbu ma na-enye nri nri parenteral (site na nyocha) n'ọnọdụ dị oke njọ nke ndị ọrịa. A na-ejikarị Sucrose mee ihe ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa etolite copo hypoglycemic;
Na mgbakwunye, a na-eji sucrose eme ihe n'ọtụtụ efere dị iche iche.
A na-enye eziokwu na-atọ ụtọ banyere sucrose na vidiyo n'isiokwu a.