Atherosclerosis nke arịa nke ala akụkụ ahụ bụ ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala nke e guzobere akwa cholesterol na mbara ala nke akwara akwara na-enye nsị ala.
Ọ na - etolite etolite na ịbụ okenye (60-75 afọ), ma na - eduga ná emebi emebi anụ ahụ dị nro.
Ihe kpatara atherosclerosis nke ikpere nke ala
N'ime ọnya ọbara n'ihi ogologo oge hypercholesterolemia na ihe ndị ọzọ, a na-ekebe nkwakọba akwara nke atheromatous na anụ ahụ na - ejikọ.
Dabere nha na usoro nke cholesterol ihe ncheta, imebi ikike nke arịa ahụ yana mbelata nke anụ ahụ dị nro n'ihi ischemia na-amalite.
Ka oge na-aga, ihie ihie na-abawanye, ogo nke imirikiti artery na-abawanye.
Na mgbakwunye na iwelata dayameta nke akwara ndị ahụ, a na-egosipụta ihe ndị na-esonụ nke ọrịa ahụ: stenosis, ma ọ bụ warara nke lumen ezughị ezu; mgbapu (mgbochichiri arịa ọbara), ma ọ bụ ehichapụ atherosclerosis.
Isi ihe kpatara atherosclerosis nke akụkụ ala:
- A na --akpo ọrịa obi na - arịa obi (ọrịa obi na - efe ọbara, ọbara mgbali elu).
- Ebumpụta ụwa maka hyperlipidemia na atherosclerosis (familial dyslipidemia), hyperfibrinemia, monocytosis, homocysteinemia.
- Omume ọjọọ - ị drinkingụbiga mmanya ókè na ị .ụ sịga.
- Imebi nri - iri oke abụba anụmanụ na protein, nri bara ụba na cholesterol, eleghara nri osisi.
- Ọrịa Endocrine, dị ka ụdị ọrịa shuga mellitus 2, hypothyroidism (ezughi oke na homonụ thyroid), metabolic syndrome, oke ibu, ọrịa Hisenko-Cushing. Ibu oke ibu na oke ibu na –eme ka ibu karie ike n’okpuru ala.
- Activityba ahụ ike na -emekwa ka mmụba nke akwara ndị mmadụ.
- Emega ahụ nke ezughi oke - na - akpasu imebi mmachi nke anụ ahụ na ischemia anụ ahụ.
- Ọrịa ọnya na - arịa ọrịa ụbụrụ - ọrịa ụbụrụ varicose, ọrịa macroangiopathy ma ọ bụ microangiopathy.
- Ọrịa ụbụrụ nke pelvic, nke bụ thrombosis na thromboembolism nke akwara nke pelvis.
- Ihe mgbochi homonụ na mmepụta estrogen na-ezughi oke n'ihi menopause na-ebute mmụba nke cholesterol na ụmụ irighiri ya.
- Ọkpụkpụ na nsọzụ nke akụkụ ya niile - na-eduga na mgbanwe anụ ahụ n'ụdị nke anụ ahụ dị nro na ọkpụkpụ.
- Ọnọdụ ndị na-akpata nchekasị na hypothermia.
Ihe kpatara mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ nwere ike ịbụ mgbanwe metụtara afọ (na ndị agadi, ụdọ akwara na-ebelata, na obere nkwenye cholesterol nwere ike belata ọbara mgbasa),
Inwe nwoke na nwanyi na-ekerekwa na mmepe nke oria.
Ọtụtụ mgbe, atherosclerosis na-etolite n'ime ụmụ nwoke, ebe ọ bụ na homonụ mmekọahụ nke ụmụ nwanyị nwere mmetụta na-echebe mgbidi nke arịa ọbara,
Ntughari uzo mpaghara emetụtara
Alizationmata mpaghara mpaghara emetụtara n'ogo buru ibu na-emetụta ọnụọgụ nke ọrịa yana ogo nke nsonaazụ ya.
Mmepe nke oria a nwere ike ime na mpaghara di iche-iche nke ala ala.
Dabere na ọnọdụ ahụ, a na-amata ọtụtụ iche iche nke ọrịa.
A na - amata ụdị atherosclerosis nke ikpere ala:
- atherosclerosis nke ngalaba aorto-iliac;
- mmeri nke feminin-popliteal saịtị;
- pathology nke edepụtara na ngalaba popliteal-tibial.
- mwepu nke mpaghara mpaghara ụkwụ;
- mebiri emebi vaskụla ọtụtụ.
Ọzọkwa, dabere na ịdị warara nke lumen arịa ahụ, atherosclerosis nke akwara nke aka nke ukwu kewara ekewa, na iwepu ihe kariri 50% nke lumen, obughi imebi ya, na obere warara.
Njirimara akara na ogbo nke ọrịa
Ọrịa ahụ nwere ike igosipụta onwe ya na mgbaàmà dị iche iche.
Ihe mgbaàmà nke oria a dabere na ogo nke oganihu, saịtị na olu nke vaskụla mebiri.
Mkpesa mbụ nwere ike ịbụ ike ọgwụgwụ nke ụkwụ mgbe ị na-eje ije, mgbu na-egbu oge na akwara, na-ajụkwa ụkwụ.
Ka oge na-aga, mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ malitere:
- Mmebi nke okpomoku na uche mgbu anụ ahụ n’ụkwụ na ụkwụ, ọnụọgụ ha.
- Ọrịa ekpenta - pallor ma ọ bụ ọdịdị nke anụ ahụ, ọhụhụ ya, nkụ ya, ntutu ya, mkpụgharị ya ma ọ bụ ntigbu nke mbọ ahụ. Site na ischemia dị oke ma dị ogologo, ọnya trophic na gangrene na-etolite.
- Arụ ọrụ tinyere akwara ndị nwere akwara, nwere ike ibute nsị ụkwụ, ọtụtụ mgbe n'abalị.
- Ọrịa mgbu na - apụta - site na nwayọ wee dị njọ ọbụna mgbe izu ike. Dịka iwu, ihe mgbu na-abawanye n'oge ije.
Ọrịa ọgbụgba akwara maka atherosclerosis obliterans nke ala ikperechi bụ ịkọwapụta onwe ya.
Dabere na mmerụ ahụ, a na-amata ọtụtụ mmebi nke aka na ụkwụ, ihe kacha mkpa bụ ihe dị anya na -eje ije.
Na ọkwa mbụ, onye ọrịa nwere ike ịga ihe karịrị otu kilomita na-aga n'ihu, ihe mgbu na-ebute mgbatị ahụ dị ukwuu.
A na-egosipụta agba nke abụọ 'A' site n'ọdịdị nke mgbu mgbe ị na-eje ije n'ebe dị anya nke 250 mita ruo otu kilomita, nke abụọ "B" - site na 50 ruo 250 mita.
Ego nke atọ - ischemia dị oke egwu - a na-egosipụta mbelata nke ije ije na-enweghị mgbu na-erughị 50 m, ọdịdị nke mgbaàmà ndị ọzọ, ihe mgbu ahụ na-adịgide ọbụna na izu ike.
Agba nke anọ na --eme ka mgbaàmà nke atọ na nsogbu ndị ọzọ trophic apụta, ruo oke nke njedebe.
Zọ nchọpụta usoro isi
Nchoputa oria a dabere na mkpesa onye oria, data banyere akuko banyere ogwu (mgbe oria putara ihe mbu, udiri ha, oge onodu, ka onye oria na - ebute oria na ihe ndi ozo - trauma, hypothermia), akuko nke ndu (oria ndi mbu, udiri ezinulo nke oria ya, oria angina pectoris, ọnụnọ nke atherosclerosis nke ọnọdụ dị iche).
Ọzọkwa, maka nchọpụta ahụ, ozi banyere nyocha ebumnobi dị mkpa, ya bụ, ọnọdụ anụ ahụ na ngwa, anụ ahụ dị nro na akwara nke ụkwụ, ịmịpụta na mpụta ụkwụ nke ụkwụ na ụkwụ. Ha na-ejikwa ibu nyocha, dịka ọmụmaatụ nke a: site na ọnọdụ dị oke ala, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ibuli ụkwụ ya site na ogo 45 ma jigide ya ruo oge ụfọdụ. Pro atherosclerosis na-egosi mmalite ngwa ngwa ike ọgwụgwụ, pallor nke aka.
N'ime usoro nchọpụta ọzọ, a na-eji usoro ọgwụgwọ ọrịa izugbe - ọnụọgụ ọbara, urinalysis, glucose ọbara (iji wepu ọrịa angiopathy), biochemistry ọbara nke mkpebi siri ike cholesterol (nke dịkarịsịrị 5.5 mmol kwa otu lita), obere lipoproteins (atherogenic), ịdị ọcha nke lipoproteins njupụta dị ukwuu (nkebi nke antihe atherogenic), ọmụmụ ọmụmụ homonụ - ọkwa nke homonụ thyroid, homonụ mmekọahụ.
A na-eji usoro eji eme ihe - iji ụbara akwara mee ihe, nha nrụgide site na mkpebi siri ike na nkwonkwo ụkwụ, akwaaji ndọta, ndọta akịkị, maịlị, na akwara mapụtara (US) nke akwara.
Ọgwụgwọ dabere ogo ọnọdụ ahụ, nsonazụ nke ọnya ahụ, olu ya, ọkwa nke ọrịa ahụ, ma nwee mmezigharị usoro obibi, mmetụta ọgwụ yana ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ.
Ndozi nke ndu ya na atherosclerosis nke ikpere ala
Nzọụkwụ mbụ na ọgwụgwọ nke atherosclerosis na-amalite ozugbo nchọpụta ama yana ihe mejupụtara ụzọ ndụ.
Nke a gụnyere nri ma ọ bụ nri ọgwụ, ịjụ omume ọjọọ, usoro mmega ahụ.
Nri ma ọ bụ usoro ọgwụgwọ bụ ihe mbụ iji gwọọ ọrịa niile gbasara ọrịa obi, ebe ọ bụ na oke nke cholesterol dị n'ọbara na ọbara mgbali na-adabere na nri mmadụ.
Ndị dọkịta na-atụ aro ịgbaso nri na-emegide atherogenic ma e wezụga abụba anụ na protein, nri bara ụba nke cholesterol - mmanu abuba, ahihia, nsị ọkụkọ, anụ ọkụkụ. Isi mmalite nke fiber kwesịrị kachasị n'ime nri - akwụkwọ nri akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ (salads, kabeeji, zukini, broccoli), mkpụrụ osisi, ọka na mkpo (dị ka isi iyi nke carbohydrates dị mgbagwoju na protein nri).
Dị ka isi iyi nke protein, anụ ọkụkọ (ọkụkọ, ọbọgwụ, nnụnụ kwel), azụ (ụdị obere abụba), na mkpo na-anakwere. Ọ dị mkpa ka ịdebe usoro ị drinkingụ mmanya - 30 na 50 milliliters nke ọcha na-abụghị carbonated ode kwa kilogram nke ịdị arọ ahụ, mmiri carbonated dị ụtọ kwesịrị ikpochapụ kpamkpam. Ikwesiri ịhapụ nri ngwa ngwa, nri dị mma, ihe na-ese anwụrụ, nri ndị ghere eghe, mkpọ ndị a mịrị amị na achịcha.
Ihe dị ezigbo mkpa bụ ịjụ omume ọjọọ - ị abuseụbiga mmanya ókè, ise anwụrụ.
Mmega ahụ n'oge mbido ọrịa ahụ nwere ike imetụta ụzọ ọrịa ahụ. Can nwere ike ịmalite site na njem ị na-eme kwa ụbọchị nke nkeji 30-60, ịgba mwe mwe ọsọ, na-emega ahụ. Ọ dị mma iji nwayọ bulie ibu ahụ ka oge na-aga, na-eburu n'uche mgbaàmà nke ọrịa ahụ, ogo nke mmachi mmegharị.
Nlekọta ụkwụ dịkwa mkpa maka ndị ọrịa - ịsacha kwa ụbọchị, nrụpụta kwesịrị ekwesị, ọgwụgwọ ọnya na mmerụ ahụ ndị ọzọ na - alụso antiseptik.
Ogwu eji ogwu
Nzọụkwụ ọzọ na ọgwụgwọ bụ mgbazi ahụike nke mgbaàmà nke ebilite na onye ọrịa. Ngwa ngwa ị malitere usoro ọgwụgwọ, ịba ụba nke atherosclerosis ị nwere ike igbochi yana obere mmebi nke aka ya.
Drugsụ ọgwụ mbụ na ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi nke atherosclerosis nke mpaghara ọ bụla bụ statins - Atorvastatin, Lovastatin, Rosuvastatin. Ha na-emetụta metabolism nke cholesterol na imeju ya na imeju, na -ebelata oke ya na ọbara. Ọzọkwa, belata ego nke lipoproteins n'ime ọbara na-enye ohere fibrates, nicotinic acid, probucol.
Jiri ndị nnọchi anya antiplatelet - Aspirin, Cardiomagnyl, Magnikor, Thrombo-Ass, ọgwụ ndị a metụtara nchịkọta nke atheromatous pụta na nchịkọta platelet na mpaghara mebiri emebi nke endothelium. N'iburu na contraindications (ọnya afọ nke afọ ma ọ bụ ọnya duodenal, ọrịa ọbara, ntinye nke onye ọ bụla) na-atụ aro ị 75ụ ọgwụ Aspirin bụ ọgwụ dị 75-10g kwa ụbọchị maka igbochi nsogbu nke thrombotic.
Na ọnụnọ nke nsogbu thrombotic na anamnesis na ọrịa ndị metụtara ọbara ọbara na ebumnuche hypercoagulation, ọ bụ ihe amamihe dị na ya iji ọgwụ anticoagulants - Warfarin, Heparin, Fraxiparin.
Usoro ọgwụgwọ gụnyere ọgwụ vasodilator - antispasmodics No-spa, Drotaverin, Papaverine, ọgwụ vasoactive Vazoprostan, Trental, Agapurin.
Iji belata ihe mgbaàmà ma belata ihe mgbu, Pentoxifylline, Cilostazole ka eji; iji mee ka trophism dịkwuo mma na anụ dị nro metụtara - Zincteral.
E gosipụtara ọgwụgwọ mpaghara maka mmepe nke ọrịa na-efe efe na ọnya trophic; Oflokain, Levomekol, mmanu mmanu Delaskin.
Ọzọkwa, a na-eji ihe ndị metụtara vitamin, ọgwụgwọ physiotherapy - electrophoresis nwere novocaine ma ọ bụ lidocaine, darsonvalization.
Ọ bụ iwu na-emeso ọ bụghị naanị atherosclerosis, kamakwa ọrịa concomitant (ọbara mgbali, angina pectoris, ọrịa shuga mellitus) na nsogbu.
Zọ ịwa ahụ
Nhọrọ na ojiji nke usoro ịwa ahụ bụ dọkịta, na-eburu n'uche ọtụtụ ihe.
Ọgwụ ịwa ahụ dị mkpa maka ọrịa siri ike, iguzogide ọgwụgwọ ma ọ bụ ịnagide ya.
Oke olu nke ịwa ahụ na-adabere na isi ọnya, ogo ọnya mmiri, ọnụnọ nke ọnya anụ ahụ na anụ ahụ dị nro, yana nsogbu nke atherosclerosis.
E nwere ụdị ụdị arụmọrụ a:
- Wa ahụ bụ mpe mpe mpe mwepu, ebumnuche ya bụ imepụta ụzọ ọbara ka ọ ga-esi gafere mpaghara emetụta ya ma weghachite trophism anụ ahụ n'ụzọ dị otu a.
- Stenting bụ ntinye tube nke ejiri ihe sịntetik mee n ’olu nke arịa ahụ, na - egbochi lumen imechi.
- Balloon angioplasty - mgbasawanye nke lumen nke akwara ndị nwere balloon.
- Endarteriectomy - mwepụ nke akwara ndị ahụ metụtara yana nnukwu atheromatous, yana prosthetics ndị ọzọ.
- Autodermoplasty - usoro ọgwụgwọ maka ọnya trophic, mejupụtara dochie akpụkpọ ahụ metụtara site na akpụkpọ ahụ onye ọrịa n'onwe ya, ewepụtara na saịtị ndị ọzọ.
- Site na mmepe nke nsogbu, dịka gangrene, a na-eji mbepụ nke ebe a na-egbu egbu na aka na ụkwụ.
Mgbochi nke atherosclerosis kwesịrị ịbụ nke zuru oke ma na-aga n'ihu, gụnyere nlebara anya nke ọbara mgbali, nyochaa profaịlụ ọbara, ịgakwuru dọkịta na-awa ahụ na akwara ịwa ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa.
Etu esi akọwa ọrịa atherosclerosis nke ụkwụ n'ụdị vidiyo n'isiokwu a.
