Ọgụ megide vaskụla atherosclerosis taa bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ụlọ ọrụ ahụike ọgbara ọhụrụ. Dabere na Healthtù Ahụ Ike (wa (WHO), ọrịa a nọ n'ọnọdụ mbụ n'ime ihe ndị na-akpata ọrịa obi na ọnụego ndị kasị egbu. Ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ mgbe niile, mgbanwe atherosclerotic bụ ihe ndabere nke ọrịa strok, nkụchi obi, ọnya trophic na ọrịa ndị ọzọ.
Atherosclerosis bụ ọnya ọgbụgba na nke etiti nke arịa ahụ site na cholesterol, abụba efu na triglycerides, ọrịa na-esochi otu akụkụ ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ.
E nwere ụzọ ihe abụọ dị mkpa maka ọdịdị nke atherosclerosis, nke ọ bụla nwere ikike ndụ. Nke mbu bu hemodynamic, ma obu nmebi iwu. O kwuru na ihe kpatara abụba abụba bụ imebi ntụkwasị obi nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ. Nke a nwere ike ime n'ihi ịkpọtụrụ onye na-efe efe (nje, mycoplasma, ero, nje), mwakpo parasitic, mmerụ ahụ, mmeghachi omume nhụsianya, anụ ahụ mpụga (ụdị radieshon dị iche iche) ma ọ bụ kemịkal (ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere mmetụta cytotoxic, ihe ndị na-eri nri, nsí nsí. ) Ọrịa hypertensive, nke bụ otu n'ime isi ihe na-akpata ya, na-anọpụ iche na mpaghara echiche a. Mgbe nke a gasịrị, ike nke mgbidi sel na-agbanwe, ogwurugwu ahụ na-adịwanye mfe ịbanye n'ime.
Nke abuo, metabolic ma ọ bụ onye na-anabata ihe, na-etinye etiology n'elu mmerụ abụba na metabolism metabolism, mmekorita nke metabolites na-ezughị ezu na ndị na-anabata ndị na-anabata ya n'ime mmiri. A na-akpaghasị usoro iwu neurohumoral nke membrane permeability state, ma mkpụrụ ndụ endothelial nke mgbidi na-aghọ ebe dị mfe maka itinye ego.
Mgbanwe ndị dị a occuraa na-eme na mgbidi nke nkwụ ọbara?
Pathogenesis nke ọrịa ahụ bụ mmebi nke nguzobe lipoproteins dị ala (LDL) na njupụta dị elu (HDL). Ha na-ebufe cholesterol maka nhazi n'ime ụdị ọrụ ka ọ nwee ike banye na njikọ nke homonụ na phospholipids nke ahụ. Mana ọ bụrụ na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti HDL na LDL mebiri emebi dịka 4 ruo 1, enzymes eji eme ihe na-emebi ma abụba na-emerụ ahụ na-abanye na ọdọ mmiri na-ekesa.
N'otu oge ahụ, ụdị ụgbọ elu dị elu na-ebu ibu na-ebugharị akwara ma ọ bụ wepụ ya n'èzí.
N’wezighị ezi, ọ na-amalite ịhapụ ihe, ya mere, metabolites na-egbu oge n’ụzọ niile, n’ime ime choroid - nke a bụ pathophysiology nke usoro ahụ.
Mmepe nke mgbanwe a na - agbanwe agbanwe anaghị aputa ihe ozugbo, lee usoro doro anya enyere ama:
- Dolipid ogbo. Ugbu a enweghi mbibi ma ọ bụ aghara aghara dịka ndị a, naanị obere akpụ mucoid, hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol dị elu n'ime ọbara) na ịba ụba permeability nke sel sel. Ma ugbu a ihe ndị dị ize ndụ - oke ibu, ọrịa shuga, ọrịa thyroid, ị smokingụ sịga, ụdị ibi ndụ, ọbara mgbali elu - na-amalite ime ka ọnọdụ ahụ ka njọ na ihe niile na-abanye n'ọgbọ ọzọ.
- Li Liidid, lipoidosis. Mgbe abụba batara na sel, ọ na-efunahụ ọrụ ya ma ọzịza nke ọma na ntinye. Shei fụrụ akpụ nwere ugbua foamy, ebe ana-akpọ sel ahụ xanthoma, nke sụgharịrị dịka "edo edo." Iji anya gba ọtọ, ị nwere ike ịchọpụta ntụ ọka na iyi ndị na-ekpuchi arịa ahụ. Ọbụlagodi na ọkwa a, enwere ike ibuso ọgụ dị mma ọgụ megide atherosclerosis na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Mgbochi ga - enye aka ịghara ichere maka mmepe nke usoro pathologies.
Oge ikpeazụ bụ atheromatosis yana nsogbu ndị ọzọ. Mgbe infiltrate ahụ abanyelarị n'ime sel, usoro nzaghachi nke anụ ahụ na-amalite, nke na-eme ka usoro ahụ ka njọ. Mpempe akwụkwọ Plalet na saịtị nke atherosclerosis na-eduga na thrombus na mwepụ ọbara ọzọ, na-ebelata lumen.
Mkpụrụ nke fibrin filaments n’ụzọ a na-apụghị izere ezere na-eduga ná nbibi nke anụ ahụ pụrụ iche nke na-adọba ụgbọ ahụ, ma n’ọnọdụ ya, enwere anụ ahụ na - ejikọ njikọ. N'ihi nke a, etolite etolite nwere ike iji nnu sitere na sọlfọ wụpụ, nke ga-eme ka ọ bụrụ ọrịa ịwa ahụ. Imebi arịa ahụ dịkwa ka o kwere omume, nke n'ihe banyere nnukwu ọwara caliber, dị ka aorta, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ nke na-eduga na ọnwụ.
Ikekwe ọnya ọnya ahụ.
Usoro nhazi nke n'oge a nke atherosclerosis
Nkewa a dabere na usoro idebe ihe ncheta.
Nsonaazụ na ọgwụgwọ dabere na ebe a na - elekwasị anya.
Ekwesịrị ịtụle mpaghara nsonaazụ mgbe ị na-achọpụta nsogbu.
Isi ebe mmebi gụnyere:
- Aorta. N'okwu a, akwara kasịnụ bụ arịa nke ahụ mmadụ. N'ihi nke a, ọ na-efunari ike ọ na-enwe, ike ọzịza n'ezoghị ọnụ maka mgbanwe n'ọbara yana mgbali ọbara. Mgbidi ahụ siri ike ma sie ike. Ọtụtụ mgbe, site na ụdị ọrịa a, nrụgide dị ala, diastolic na-ebili, n'ihi na iguzogide usoro ọbara na-asọ elu na-abawanye. Ihe nwere ike isi na ya pụta bụ ọbara ọgbụgba, akwara ozi ya na nkwarụ ya.
- Ọkpụkpụ akwara ọbara. Ndị a bụ arịa ndị na-azụlite obi - otu n'ime anụ ahụ riri oke n'ihe banyere nri na ikuku oxygen. Mgbe mgbasa ọbara n'ime myocardium belatara, hypoxia na-abawanye, na-abanye na mbibi ischemic. Nke a na - eduga na ọrịa mbụ nke ndị agadi - infarction myocardial.
- Ụbụrụ. Ọ bụrụ na atherosclerosis emee na ọdọ mmiri nke akwara ma ọ bụ carotid akwara, yana akwara vertebral, ha na-ekwu maka n'ụbụrụ ya. Mgbaàmà na nke a agaghị egosipụta onwe ya ngwa ngwa, mana ụjọ na - eyi n'isi, ụra, nhazi, ọrụ ọgụgụ isi. Mmetụta Thrombogenic nke mbadamba nkume atherosclerotic nwere ike ibute ụbụrụ thromboembolism, ọnya ischemic.
Ọzọkwa, otu n'ime mpaghara mmebi bụ arịa nke ụkwụ. Atherosclerosis obliterans nke ala nsọ ahụ na-ewetara onye ọrịa ahụ nnukwu erughị ala n'ihi nrịba mgbu mgbu ya.
Ihe omumu ihe omimi bu ihe ojoo na aru site na akwara ukwu nke ukwu, nke edobere ka emechara ya. Nke a bụ lactic acid. Onye ọrịa dị otú ahụ enweghị ike ịga ogologo ije anya n'ihi mgbu na-enweghị atụ na-agafe mgbe ọ kwụsịrị.
N'okwu ndị dị elu, ihe mgbu na-adị n'elekere ma na-akawanye ike n'abalị, na-ekpuchi ọbara n'ọbara na-acha ọbara ọbara na ọnya ọbara.
Nke a bụbu ihe ngosipụta nke mbepụ, mana ugbua enwere ụzọ endovaskụsị ọgbara ọhụrụ iji gbochie necrosis anụ ahụ dị nro.
Akụkụ nke ọrịa ahụ na mmebi akụrụ
Ikekwe mmepe nke ọrịa na usoro akwara nke akụrụ.
Arteriarenalis, nke na-eburu ọbara nye akụrụ, nwere otu n’ime ọbara mgbali elu ka ọ dịgide na-enwe ọfụma nkịtị. Ya mere, ọ bụ otu n’ime ndị mbụ na-arịa mgbanwe ọrịa.
N'ime ọnọdụ a, ọbara ọgbụgba vasorenal na - ebido - mmụba kwụsiri ike na ọbara mgbali elu. Ọrịa dị otú ahụ bụ ịdọ aka na ntị mbụ banyere mmepe nke atherosclerosis nke akwara akwara.
O nwekwara ike imetụta akwara mesenteric. Thrombosis nke arịa ndị a jupụtara n'ọbara nke na-enye afọ iri nri na-enweghị mgbagha na-eduga na nnukwu mbufụt septik - nsia nke eriri afọ.
Ihe ịrịba ama mbụ nke ọrịa ahụ bụ "eriri afọ" - oke mgbu n'ime afọ, nke yiri colic.
N 'ọnụọgụ nke ọnya ahụ, nhazi ọkwa bụ ndị a:
- Ekwesịrị igosipụta nke ọma (ihe ruru 6% nke ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi ahụ dum, ruo 12% nke mpaghara endothelium, na ruo otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ogologo ka a gụnyere na usoro pathological).
- O siri ike (ihe na-erughị 50% nke obosara mgbidi ahụ metụtara).
- Mkpọsa (infiltration banye n'ime ihe karịrị 50% nke ọkpụrụkpụ, n'otu n'otu).
Thelọọgwụ kwesịrị ịchọpụta ókè mbibi mkpụrụobi ischemic dị.
Dabere na data ndị a, nhazi ọkwa ụlọ ọgwụ dị ka ndị a.
Mgbanwe na akụkụ ahụ ndị dị mkpa adịghị mkpa, mana a na-ahụ ebe mpaghara mebiri emebi. Ọrịa siri ike, ọbara na-asọ n'okpuru nkịtị.
Dabere na ọnụnọ nke thrombosis, enwere necrosis nke obere na nnukwu nha, ngosipụta nke ụlọ ọgwụ site na mmebi nke akụkụ ahụ, ihe mgbaàmà akpọpụtara. Ọkpụkpụ akwara anụ ahụ na akwara nke na - anaghị ala ala. A na-ahụ nkọlọ n’elu elu ha, ọbara na-efe efe na stroma, parenchyma.
Ọgwụgwọ na mgbochi ọrịa
Tupu ị kpebie usoro nka ma gwọọ onye ọrịa, ọkacha mara iwu nyocha ụlọ nyocha na akụrụngwa pụrụ iche.
Ha na-enye ohere iji nakọta ozi zuru oke banyere mmepe nke ọrịa ahụ.
N'ime usoro nyocha chọpụta ebe dị, ogo mbibi yana data akụkọ gbasara ahụike ọ bụla dị mkpa.
A na-eme nchọpụta ọrịa n'ụzọ ndị a:
- Nchịkọta data, mkpesa ndị ọrịa na nyocha niile.
- Nnyocha ọbara biochemical iji chọpụta mkpokọ cholesterol, HDL, LDL, chylomicrons, na-ekesa triglycerides kpamkpam, akara ngosi nke mmebi nke akụkụ ahụ (akpa ume, umeji, akụrụ, obi, ụbụrụ).
- Ultrasonography (ultrasound) na-eji mmetụta Doppler. Usoro a na - eme ka o kwe omume ịchọpụta mmalite nke ihe ncheta ahụ, ogo mmepe ya, ịkọwapụta ya, ọkwa stenosis, uru ọbara na-agba, ọsọ ya, na ihe ọmụmụ ọbara.
- Ọkpụkpụ ụbụrụ dịka nkwadebe maka ịwa ahụ, n'ihi na site na ya, a na-ahụ ihe ndị dị iche iche gbasara ihe ọgbụgba ọbara dị.
- MRI anụ ahụ.
Ọ bụrụ na usoro nke ọrịa ahụ dị n'oge, mgbe ahụ ọbụna mgbochi nwere ike inwe mmetụta. Ọ gụnyere ịkwụsị ị smokingụ sịga, iri oke ọgwụ antioxidants n'ụdị vitamin, eriri, prophylactic iji obere mmanya iji gbasaa plaques atherosclerotic, mmega ahụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma iji meziwanye mmegharị, usoro nri, ịmachi abụba na nnu na nri, yana iji ọgwụ ọgwụ. tinctures na decoctions.
Ọ bụrụ na ọrịa ahụ agaala ma nwekwaa ọtụtụ nsogbu, mgbe ahụ, a na-eji ọgwụ ndị dị otú ahụ:
- Ihe choputara cholesterol (cholestyramine).
- Ndị na - egbochi ịrekọ ọrụ na inyefe cholesterol n'ahụ (Simvastatin, Atorvastatin, Lovastatin) bụ ọgwụ ọgwụ a na-ejikarị nwere nnukwu ihe akaebe.
- Mkpali nke metabolism na excretion nke cholesterol site na ahụ (Essentiale).
- Ọgwụ na-ahọrọ obere triglycerides ọbara (Fenofibrate, Nicotinic acid).
- Antioxidants na-egbu egbu (tocopherol - vitamin E, ascorbic acid - vitamin C).
- Antioxidants na-apụtaghị ìhè (methionine, glutamic acid).
- Angioprotector (Prodectin, Dicinon, Quertin).
Wa ahụ maka ịgwọ ọrịa atherosclerosis na oke nke puru omume na-anapụta onye ọrịa ahụ kpamkpam na ọnọdụ iyi egwu, na-eme ka ọ hapụzie ịchịkwa nri na idobe arịa ọbara na nkịtị. Gerywa ahụ bụ balloon angioplasty ma ọ bụ stenting.
A tụlere ihe kpatara na nhazi nke atherosclerosis na vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a.
