Emere nnwale glucose ọbara iji chọpụta ọnọdụ onye ọrịa. Ihe na-eme glucose bụ ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ na-arụ ọrụ nke carbohydrate, ọ bụrụ na ọdịda nke ahụ ya enweghị ike ịnọgide na-arụ ọrụ ọ bụla. Nyocha a bụ otu n'ime ihe ọmụma kachasị - ndị ọkachamara nwere ohere ịtọlite nchoputa ziri ezi dabere na data ya yana nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ ndị ọzọ.
Na mgbakwunye na egosipụtara, mkpebi nke oke shuga dị n’ọbara bụ otu n’ime ihe mmụta ndị kachasị ewu ewu ma gbasasịa n’etiti ule nyocha niile.
Nyocha ọbara ọbara nke Venous: ihe ngosipụta na nkwadebe
Ihe ngosi maka ihe omumu a bu onodu ogwu nke onye oria a ma n’enwe onu ma obu iwetulata gluu n’obara ọbara.
A na-enweta ọbara ọbara Venous maka shuga site n'aka ndị dọkịta na-agwọ ọrịa na-enyo enyo ma ọ bụ mara nke ọma ọnụnọ (maka nyochaa ọnọdụ onye ọrịa) nke ọrịa ndị na-esonụ:
- ọrịa shuga na-abụghị insulin ma ọ bụ shuga na-akpata insulin;
- oge nke gest;
- nchọpụta nke hyper- ma ọ bụ hypoglycemia;
- sepsis
- mgbochi nke ndị ọrịa n’ihe egwu;
- ọrụ imeju na - arụ ọrụ - ịba ọcha n'anya, ịba ọcha n'anya;
- Ọnọdụ ujo;
- ọgba aghara nke arụ ọrụ nke usoro endocrine - hypothyroidism, ọrịa Cushing, ihe ndị ọzọ;
- ọrịa pituitary.
Tupu ịmalite nyocha ahụ, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịkwadebe maka ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ.
N'uhuruchi nke ọmụmụ, mmadụ kwesịrị ịkpa oke na oge ndị dị otú a:
- nri ikpeazụ na ihe ọ anyụ anyụ ọ bụla, ma e wezụga mmiri dị ọcha, kwesịrị ịmalite tupu awa 8 tupu oge nyocha, ka mma - 12;
- Ekwesighi ị consumedụ ihe ọ alcoholụ alcoholụ mmanya nwere ụbọchị 2-3 tupu ule ahụ;
- A machibidoro iko kọfị na ihe ọ otherụ caụ ndị ọzọ caffeinated 48 ruo 72 awa tupu ọmụmụ ihe ahụ;
- Ekwesịrị izere nrụgide akwara na mgbatị anụ ahụ ụbọchị 1 tupu nyocha ahụ.
Na mgbakwunye na ihe egosipụtara, ọbụlagodi otu awa tupu ọmụmụ ihe ahụ, a ga-agbapụ anwụrụ anwụrụ na anwụrụ ọkụ, ebe ha na-enwe ike ịrụ ọrụ na nrụpụta insulin.
A choro ibughari nnyefe nyocha a ma ewepu oge ihe mberede) ka onodu ndi a:
- oge iwe iwe nke ọrịa na-adịghị ala ala;
- n'ihe banyere endocrinopathies, dịka ọmụmaatụ, acromegaly ma ọ bụ hyperthyroidism;
- site na mmerụ ahụ na-enweghị nchebe;
- mgbe usoro ọgwụgwọ gasị;
- nnukwu ogbo nke ọrịa;
- ọrịa na-efe efe;
- ojiji nke ndị na-eme ọgwụ ọgwụ na-emetụta ụkpụrụ nke glucose na n'ọbara - COCs, glucocorticoids, tizoid diuretics;
- ozugbo enwere obara obara.
Nuances nke idepụta nyocha nyocha
Cipkọwa nsonaazụ nke nyocha na ndabere nke data ọbara ọbara nwere njirimara nke mmadụ. A na-ebuli ọkwa shuga plasma ma e jiri ya tụnyere ọbara nkịtị.
N’otu oge ahụ, ihe ọmụmụ a na-amụ amụ, nke a na-ewere na mkpịsị aka nkịtị n’apata ma ọ bụ akwara, enweghị ọdịiche dị mkpa. Agbanyeghị, mgbe awa 2 gachara site na nchịkọta ihe, nsonaazụ ya na-amalite ịdị iche.
Iji maa atụ, enwere ike iji ntụnaka ndị a na-eme nyocha nke nchịkọta carbohydrate n'obara ọbara na plasma:
- ihe ngosi dị mma nke mmadụ nwere ahụike na nyocha shuga n'obara ọbara, site na mkpịsị aka, gosipụtara 3.3… 3.5 mmol / l. N'okwu a, mgbe awa 2 gachara glucose anabata, ụkpụrụ a erughi 6.7. Banyere ọbara ọgbụgba, mgbe ị na-eri nri (na afọ efu), ha bụ 3.3… 3.5, ma buru ibu ruru 7.8 mmol / l;
- n'ihe gbasara plasma ọbara, mgbe nyocha site na mkpịsị aka, ụkpụrụ dị na ahụike ga-abụ 4.0 ... 6.1, ma mgbe ịbịnyechara ume ("ibu") mgbe awa 2 gachara ịgaghị eruo 7.8. Na plasma nke dịpụrụ adịpụ nke ọbara venous, nchịkọta glucose ga-abụ 4.0 ... 6.1 - n'ihe gbasara nyocha na afọ efu, wee ruo 7.8 elekere abụọ ka awa abụọ gachara glucose.
N'ihe banyere nnabata afọ glucose, shuga na-agbanwe agbanwe n'oge ndozi enwere ike ịnọchite anya ndị a:
- na-ebu ọnụ ọbara n'obara site na akwara - ruo 6.1;
- ọbara n'obara site na akwara nke nwere ibu karịa 6.1, mana ruru 10;
- Ọbara niile sitere na mkpịsị aka ya n'ụtụtụ n'ụtụtụ afọ - ruo 6.1;
- n’elu afọ na-enweghị isi site na mkpịsị aka mgbe awa 2 gachara site na iji glucose - ihe karịrị 7.8 mana ruo ihe dịka 11.1;
- plasma ọbara na-ebu ọnụ n'oge nyocha venous - ihe ruru 7;
- plasma mgbe awa 2 gachara glucose n'ọmụmụ banyere ọbara venous - karia 7.8, ruo 11.1;
- plasma ọbara na-ebu ọnụ - ruo asaa;
- plasma na nyocha ọbara sitere na mkpịsị aka, mgbe “ibu glucose” gasị mgbe awa 2 gachara - 8.9… 12.2.
N'ihe banyere ọrịa mamellitus nke ọrịa shuga, ụkpụrụ glucose na ọmụmụ gbasara ọbara ọbara na-ejighi ibu nke carbohydrate ga-adị karịa 7.0 - maka ụdị ọbara niile (site na akwara na site na mkpịsị aka).
Mgbe ị na - a gluụ glucose na mgbe awa 2 gasịrị, ịta shuga na plasma ọbara n'oge nyocha si na mkpịsị aka ga - agafe 11, 1, ma n'ihe banyere ịnata akụrụngwa, ụkpụrụ dị ukwuu karịa 12.2.
Ọbara glucose na afọ
Standardskpụrụ maka itinye glucose na ọbara ọbara dịgasị iche - dabere n'afọ ole onye ahụ dị.
Sugarkpụrụ ọbara shuga dị iche iche na ụmụaka ọbụna:
- n'ime ụmụ aka akatabeghị, usoro bụ 1.1 ... 3.3 mmol / l;
- n'ime ụbọchị 1 nke ndụ - 2.22 ... 3.33 mmol / l;
- 1 ọnwa na ndị ọzọ - 2.7 ... 4.44 mmol / l;
- site na afọ 5 - 3.33 ... 5.55 mmol / l.
Maka ndị okenye, a na-ekpebi ogo glucose ọbara n'ọtụtụ dị ka afọ na okike ha.
Egosiputa ihe oma eji egosi shuga n’ime umunwanyi bu udiri ndi a:
| Afọ ndụ zuru oke, afọ | Ókè ihe ndị na-egosi, mmol / l |
| 20-29 | 3,5… 6,7 |
| 30-39 | 3,6… 6,7 |
| 40-49 | 3,4… 7,0 |
| 50-59 | 3,6… 7,1 |
| 60-69 | 3,4… 7,4 |
| 70 na ndị ọzọ | 2,9… 7,5 |
N'ime ụmụ nwoke, ihe ngosi dị na nyocha ụlọ nyocha na-egosi usoro nke shuga dị n'ọbara ọbara.
| Afọ ndụ zuru oke, afọ | Ókè ihe ndị na-egosi, mmol / l |
| 20-29 | 3,4… 6,7 |
| 30-39 | 3,5… 6,7 |
| 40-49 | 3,4… 7,0 |
| 50-59 | 3,6… 7,1 |
| 60-69 | 3,3… 7,4 |
| 70 na karịa | 2,9… 7,5 |
Kedu ihe kpatara ọnụego nyocha?
Mgbe achọpụtara hyperglycemia, a na-ekwenyekarị na ọria mamịrị. Agbanyeghị, enwere ihe ndị ọzọ na - akpata ya pụrụ inye aka na ịba ụba glucose glu.
Ndị dọkịta kpughere na ọnọdụ ndị dị otú a nwere ike ịkpalite hyperglycemia:
- mmerụ ahụ ụbụrụ na - adọkasị, ma ọ bụghị - isi mmerụ ahụ. Ọnọdụ ndị a na-akpata iwe gụnyere mkparịta ụka, ọnya isi, ọrịa akpụ nke GM na ihe ndị ọzọ;
- nnukwu nsị nke imeju;
- ịba ụba nke ngwaahịa nke enwere nnukwu shuga - ihe ọ productsụfectionụ, mmiri ọ sugụ sugụ na ihe ndị ọzọ;
- oke uche nke mmetụta uche;
- mmerụ ahụ
- neoplastic, ma ọ bụghị ọrịa kansa, na ọrịa mkpali nke pancreas;
- ojiji nke ụfọdụ ọgwụ ọjọọ, ọgwụ ịrahụ ụra na nkwadebe ọgwụ ọgwụ psychotropic;
- ọrịa na-adịbeghị anya na-agwọ ọrịa;
- oke ọrụ nke gland thyroid na / ma ọ bụ adrenal gland, nke na-eduga n'ịba ụba nke homonụ na-egbochi ike nke insulin.
Ihe kpatara belata shuga
Na mgbakwunye na ịba ụba shuga - hypoglycemia, enwere ike ịchọpụta onye ọrịa na - abụghị ọnọdụ - hypoglycemia.
A na - amata hypoglycemia site na ụkpụrụ glucose dị ala karịa nke kwesịrị na enwere ike ime n'ihi mmetụta nke ihe ndị a:
- atụmatụ usoro insulin na-ezighi ezi na, n'ihi ya, ị ofụbiga ya ókè;
- ojiji nke ọgwụ ogwu eji eme ihe na ọgwụgwọ nke oria mellitus, mana adighi nma maka otu onye isi;
- agụụ, dị ka nghọta a bụ mmeghachi omume na mbelata glucose n'ọbara;
- ịba ụba insulin, nke na homonụ adịghị mkpa - enwere ụkọ mkpụrụ carbohydrate;
- nsogbu nke metabolic nke ọdịdị ọmụmụ, dịka ọmụmaatụ, anabataghị carbohydrate (fructose, lactose na ihe ndị ọzọ);
- mmebi nke mkpụrụ ndụ imeju site na nsị na-egbu egbu;
- akpụ akpụ-insulin na-emetụta usoro ntụpọ nke pancreas;
- hypoglycemia nke ụmụ nwanyị dị ime, nke a na-akpata site na igosipụta homonụ na-efe efe na pancreas nke nwatakịrị na-etolite etolite, nke malitere ịrụ ọrụ onwe ya;
- ụfọdụ ọrịa akụrụ na ọrịa ụfọdụ nke obere eriri afọ;
- nsonaazụ nke ntụgharị afọ.
Ọzọkwa, enwere ike ịmalite hypoglycemia ọ bụghị naanị site na oke insulin, hormone ndị ọzọ nwekwara ike belata ọkwa glucose. Ekwesịrị iburu nke a n'uche, yana ịbelata shuga dị n'ọbara na-enweghị nkọwa, nyocha onye endocrinologist ma gafee usoro ọmụmụ ya.
Gịnị kpatara eji etinye sodium fluoride n'omume a?
Mgbe ha na-amụ akwụkwọ ahụ, ndị ọkachamara na-agbakwunye sodium fluoride, yana potassium EDTA, na ihe atụ ahụ. Ejiri ogige ndị a site na ike igbochi mbibi sugars n'ọbara anakọtara, ma ọ bụghị ya.Usoro ndị a na-enye gị ohere ịchekwa mkpokọ glucose na ihe nlele ahụ wee nweta ezigbo nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ ahụ.
Sodium fluoride yana potassium oxalate bụ ọgwụ anticoagulants nke na-ejikọ ion calcium na, na mgbakwunye, sodium fluoride na-eme ka mmekọrịta shuga dị na obere ike. Mgbe ị na - eme ọtụtụ enzymatic mmeghachi omume, glucose dị n’omume ahụ na-emebi ala lactate na pyruvate.
Ejiri sodium fluoride site na ikike ya igbochi ụfọdụ mmeghachi omume enzymatic, gụnyere mgbanwe n'ime phosphoenolpyruvate acid phosphoglycerate, nke na-egbochi ụzọ nke glycolysis. Site na nke a, ọ bụrụ na eji sodium fluoride, ndị dọkịta enweghị ike ikpebi mkpokọ shuga n'ọbara ọbara.
Vidiyo ndị metụtara
Banyere ibu ọnụ glucose ọbara na-ebu ọnụ na vidiyo:
