Ahụ mmadụ bụ ihe gbadoro agbagọ, usoro ọrụ abụọ ọ bụla. N'ịhụ na ọrụ ya na-aga n’ihu, homonụ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa.
Sistemụ akwara ndị ahụ na - enye ndị mmadụ sistem na akụkụ ahụ niile. N'aka nke ya, usoro endocrine na-ezochi insulin, glucagon na homonụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa maka ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na ahụ mmadụ.
Homonụ nke anụ ahụ
Usoro exocrine na endocrine bụ akụkụ nke eriri afọ. Ka nri wee banye n’ahụ banye n'ime protein, abụba na carbohydrates, ọ dị mkpa na usoro ikpochasị ahụ na-arụ ọrụ zuru oke.
Ọ bụ usoro a na - emepụta ma ọ dịkarịa ala 98% nke ihe ọesụesụ nri, ebe enwere enzymes na-emebi nri. Na mgbakwunye, homonụ na-edozi usoro metabolic niile nke anụ ahụ.
Homonụ isi nke pancreas bụ:
- Insulin
- C peptide
- Insulin
- Glucagon.
Homonụ ndị a na-eme ka anwụrụ ọkụ, gụnyere glucagon na insulin, nwere njikọ chiri anya. Insulin nwere ọrụ nke ijikwa nkwụsi ike glucose, na mgbakwunye, ọ na-ejide ọkwa nke amino acid maka ahụ.
Glucagon na-eme dị ka ụdị mkpali. Hormone a na - ejikọ ihe niile dị mkpa, na - eziga ya n'ime ọbara.
Enwere ike imepụta insulin homonụ naanị nwere nnukwu glucose n'ime ọbara. Ọrụ insulin bụ ijikọ ndị na-anabata ya na membranes cell, ọ na - ebuga ya na sel. Mgbe ahụ, a na-agbanwe glucose na glycogen.
Agbanyeghị, ọ bụghị akụkụ ahụ niile chọrọ insulin dị ka onye na-edebe glucose. A na-etinye glucose n’agbanyeghi insulin n’ime mkpụrụ ndụ:
- Intestines
- Ụbụrụ
- Imeju
- Akụrụ.
Ọ bụrụ na insulin dị ntakịrị na pancreas, nke a nwere ike ibute hyperglycemia. Ọnọdụ ahụ dị oke egwu mgbe glucose sitere n'ọbara enweghị ike ịbanye sel. Nsonaazụ nke nwere ike ịbụ ihe mgbu na-egbu mgbu, yana ọnwụ ọnwụ. Gụkwuo banyere ụdị nuances dị iche iche na insulin dị ala na shuga nkịtị.
Ọ bụrụ na, na imeju, a na-emepụta insulin homonụ nke ukwuu na pancreas, mgbe ahụ, a na-etinye glucose ngwa ngwa ma itinye uche ya na ọbara na-agbadata nke ọma, na-eduga n'ọbara. Ọnọdụ a na - eduga na nsonaazụ dị oke njọ, na - ebute hypoglycemic coma.
Ọrụ nke glucagon n'ime ahụ
Glucagon homonụ so na nguzobe glucose na umeji na-edozi ihe kachasị mma n'ime ọbara. Maka ịrụ ọrụ nkịtị nke sistemụ akwara dị mkpa, ọ dị mkpa iji lekọta glucose dị n'ọbara n'ọkwa mgbe niile. Nke a bụ ihe dịka gram 4 n'ime otu awa maka sistemụ akwara.
Ọ bụ ọrụ ya ka ọ na-ekpebi nsonaazụ glucagon. Glucagon nwere ọrụ ndị ọzọ, ọ na-akpali mmebi nke lipids na anụ ahụ adipose, nke na -ebelata cholesterol ọbara n'ụzọ dị egwu. Na mgbakwunye na nke a, glucagon homonụ:
- Na-eme ka ọbara na-etopụta n’ime akụrụ;
- Ọ na - eme ka mwepụ sodium na - abawanye site na anụ ahụ, ma na - ejikwa oke elektrolytic dị n'ahụ ahụ. Ọ bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na ọrụ nke akụrụngwa obi;
- Regenerates sel akwara;
- Na-akwali mwepụta nke insulin n'ahụ nke sel nke ahụ;
- Na-eme ka ihe dị n’ime calcium intracellular dị n’ime.
Excessmịnye glucagon n'ime ọbara na-eduga n'inweta etuto ahụ na-emebi emebi na pancreas. Agbanyeghị, ọrịa cancer nke isi pancreas bụ ụkọ; ọ pụtara na mmadụ 30 n'ime otu puku mmadụ.
Ọrụ insulin na glucagon rụrụ bụ nke na-emegidekarị. Ya mere, a chọrọ ka homonụ ndị ọzọ dị mkpa iji nwee ike ịdebe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ glucose ọbara:
- cortisol
- adrenaline
- homonụ na-eto.
Iwu nke glucagon zoro ezo
Mmụba na oriri protein na-ebute mmụba na mkpokọta nke amino acids: arginine na alanine.
Amino acid ndị a na-akpali mmepụta glucagon n'ime ọbara, yabụ ọ dị ezigbo mkpa iji hụ na enwere amino acid na ahụ, na-agbaso nri dị mma.
Ihe glucose nke hormone ahụ bụ ihe na - eme ka amino acid banye glucose, ndị a bụ ọrụ ya bụ isi. Yabụ, ntinye glucose n'ọbara na-abawanye, nke pụtara na enyere sel na anụ ahụ niile ahụ homonụ niile dị mkpa.
Na mgbakwunye na amino acid, glucagon secretion na-akpali site na mmega ahụ na-arụ ọrụ. Ọ dị mma ịmara na a ga-ebufe ha n’ókè nke ike mmadụ. Naanị mgbe ahụ, mgbanye glucagon na-ebili ugboro ise.
Ngwa ọgwụ nke glucagon
Glucagon na-eme dị ka ndị a:
- na-ebelata skmp
- agbanwe ọnụọgụ nke obi obi
- na-abawanye ụba nke glucose na ahụ n'ihi mmebi nke glycogen na nguzobe ya dika ihe ndi ozo ndi ozo.
Ihe ngosi maka iji ogwu eji eme ihe
E nyere ndị glucagon ọgwụ ọgwụ
- Ọrịa ụbụrụ, dịka ọgwụ ụjọ,
- Ọrịa shuga na-arịa ọrịa shuga na hypoglycemia (glucose ọbara dị ala),
- Nchoputa na ulo oru nyocha nke akwara nke eriri afọ, dika ogwu inye aka,
- Mkpa iji kpochapụ spasm na nnukwu diverticulitis,
- Pathology nke biliary tract,
- Iji mee ka akwara dị larịị nke eriri afọ yana afọ.
Ntụziaka maka iji glucagon
Iji homonụ maka ebumnuche ọgwụ, a na-enweta ya na pancreas nke anụmanụ dị ka ehi ma ọ bụ ezì. Ọ dị mma ịmara na usoro amino acid na usoro n'ime anụmanụ ndị a na mmadụ niile bụ otu ihe.
Site na hypoglycemia, a na-enye 1 milligram nke glucagon ka a na-enye ma ọ bụ intramuscularly. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa ịnye enyemaka mberede, mgbe ahụ, a na-eji ụzọ ndị a nke nchịkwa ọgwụ.
Compgbaso ezigbo ntuziaka maka ojiji glucagon homonụ na-egosi na mmelite n’ebe onye ọrịa nwere shuga dị ala na-apụta mgbe nkeji iri gachara. Nke a ga - ebelata ihe egwu dị na mbibi nke sistemụ akwara.
Biko mara na amachibidoro ịnye ụmụaka glucagon ihe nwere kilogram iri abụọ na ise. Needmụaka kwesịrị itinye ọgwụ ruru 500 mg ma lelee ọnọdụ ahụ maka nkeji iri na ise.
Ọ bụrụ na ihe niile bụ ihe nkịtị, ịkwesịrị ịbawanye dose ahụ site na 30 mcg. N'ihe banyere ndozi glucagon n'ime imeju, a chọrọ iwelie onodu ogwu ya ọtụtụ ugboro. Amachibidoro iji onwe gị ikpebi ụdị ọgwụ a.
Ozugbo onye ọrịa ahụ mere nke ọma, a na-atụ aro iri nri protin, drinkụọ tii na-ekpo ọkụ na-atọ ụtọ ma were ọnọdụ kwụ ọtọ ruo awa 2 iji zere nlọghachi.
Ọ bụrụ na ojiji glucagon adịghị enye nsonaazụ, a na-atụ aro ka ịnye glucose na ntanetị. Nsonaazụ mgbe ejiri glucagon bụ mkpali nke vomit reflex na ọgbụgba.
