Dika ọrịa shuga mellitus na-emewanye kwa afọ, ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị chọrọ ịma ma enwere ike ịgwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, yana enwere ike iwepụ kpamkpam ọgwụ insulin kwa ụbọchị na ụdị shuga 1.
N'oge a nke mmepe nke ihe ọmụma banyere ọrịa shuga, a na-ele ya anya dị ka ọrịa a na - eme na ọ ga-ekwe omume ịbawanyewanye ndụ nke ndị ọrịa, ma ọ bụrụ na ị na - ewu nri nke ọma, gbasoo usoro dị mfe nke mmega ahụ ma na - enwe nyocha oge nke ọkwa glucose ọbara.
Ofgwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 dị ka ọrịa metabolic na-agụnye ịjụ nke ịreatụbiga mmanya ókè, ibelata ibu karịrị akarị na ị medicationsụ ọgwụ iji kwado shuga ọbara. A na-agwọ ọtụtụ ndị ọrịa shuga, nke pụtara igbochi mmepe nke nsogbu nke ọrịa ahụ na ịnọgide na-enwe ọrụ mmekọrịta ọha na eze na arụmọrụ nkịtị.
Gịnị kpatara ụdị shuga nke abụọ ji eto?
Ihe ndị dị na mmepe nke ọrịa metabolic n'ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị na-anabata ndị na-anabata insulin ma ọ bụ usoro ha gbanwere, yana njikwa insulin n'onwe ya. Ọmụmụ nke nnyefe ihe mgbaàmà n’aka ndị na-anabata ya n’ime ihe akwara dị nwekwara ike ịmalite.
Mgbanwe ndị a niile na-ejikọ ọnụ site na otu okwu - nguzogide insulin. N'okwu a, ịmịpụta insulin nwere ike ime n'ọnọdụ nke ọma ma ọ bụ nwee oke. Otu esi emeri iguzogide inulin, na dika ya, otu esi edozi oria shuga rue mgbe ebighi ebi, ndi sayensi amabeghi. Yabụ, agaghị ekwe omume ikwere nkwa na a ga-agwọta ụdị shuga 2.
Nguzogide ọgwụ insulin na-amalite ibu oke ibu, ebe ndị ọrịa na-arịa ụdị ọrịa shuga 2, a na-ahụkarị oke ibu na 82.5% nke ikpe. Ọkpụkpụ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ga-eme ka ike gwụ ọrụ mmadụ na - akpata ike nri n'ihi oke nri mmadụ na - egbu, ị smokingụ sịga, ọbara mgbali elu yana ibi ụdị ndụ na - eduga n'ọrịa a.
Ndị kachasị nwee ụdị ọrịa shuga a bụ ndị gafere afọ iri anọ, na -ezu ike zuru oke, yana oke nke abụba n'ụdị abdominal.
Ndị na-anabata ya, nwere ike ịghọta insulin nke na-abanye n'ọbara gị, sel nke gụnyere imeju, akwara ime na uru ahụ. Elldị shuga abụọ nke ọrịa mellitus bụ ihe nsogbu ahụ kpatara:
- A machibidoro ịkpụzi glycogen na ikuku glucose.
- A na-eme ka ngwakọta glucose n’arụ na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.
- Gbanye glucose n’ime ọbara na mpụta ya na mmamịrị.
- A na-egbochi njikọ protein.
- Abụba na-agbakọta na anụ ahụ.
Mmụba nke glucose na ọbara na-ekesa ihe na-akpata mmepe nke nsogbu nke akụkụ akwara, akụrụ, akụkụ nke ọhụụ, yana mmerụ ahụ dị n’elu akwa akwara.
Ma ọ bụrụ na ọ siri ike ịlaghachi n'ọrịa shuga, mgbe ahụ enwere ohere dị ukwuu igbochi ọrịa na-egbu egbu na-egbu egbu na-esonyere ya.
Gwọ ọrịa shuga na nri nri na ọgwụ
Iji gwọọ onye ọrịa nke ụdị ọrịa shuga afọ 2 n'ụdị dị nwayọ ma ọ bụ na mbido mbụ, mgbanwe mgbanwe nri na iwelata ibu nwere ike zuru ezu. N'okwu a, enwere ike ịgbaghara ọrịa ahụ ruo ogologo oge na-ejighi ọgwụ ọgwụ.
Ndabere nke nri kwesiri ekwesi maka oria obi bu ilebe anya n’azu ndi nwere oke ahihia n’aru, nke kwekọrọ n’oru ahu, ya na odi iche na protein na nri n’ime nri.
Enwere ike iji carbohydrates dị mfe n'ụdị ụdị hypoglycemic dị elu iji mee ka shuga dị n'ọbara ngwa ngwa; n'ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ, ngwaahịa nwere nnukwu glycemic index maka ndị ọrịa shuga amachibidoro.
Ngwaahịa ndị a chọrọ maka mwepu zuru oke na menu maka ọrịa shuga:
- Mkpụrụ dị ụtọ na ihe ọ theirụ theirụ ha, ọkachasị mkpụrụ vaịn, unere, fig na ụbọchị.
- Sugar, ihe ọfectionụ anyụ ọ bụla na ọdịnaya ya.
- Ngwaahịa maka ntụ ọka, achicha, achịcha, kuki, waffles.
- Ice cream, desserts, tinyere obere ụlọ, bred na shuga na mkpụrụ osisi.
- Semolina, osikapa na onyinye.
- Jam, mmanụ a ,ụ, mkpụrụ mkpọ, jam na jam.
- Ọkwa cholesterol dị elu: Brain, Imeju, Akụrụ.
- Anụ abụba, abụba, mmanụ esi nri.
Isi iwu maka iwulite menu maka onye ọ bụla nwere mmasị etu esi akpachara ụdị shuga dị mma 2 bụ ilele ọdịnaya nke achịcha na ngwaahịa oge niile. A na-agbakọ nkeji achịcha (1 XE = 12 g nke carbohydrates ma ọ bụ 20 g achịcha) dị ka tebụl ndị ahụ si dị. Nri obula kwesiri inwe ihe kariri 7 XE.
A na-agwọ ọrịa shuga naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ndị ọrịa na-eri nri ga-ezuru nke nwere eriri, fiber, na vitamin. Ndị a gụnyere akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ osisi na mkpụrụ osisi amịghị amị mkpụrụ. Ha na-kacha juo ọhụrụ. Ọ dịkwa mkpa ịgụnye mmanụ oriri na azụ nwere obere abụba, ngwaahịa mmiri ara ehi na-etinye ya na-enweghị ihe mgbakwunye.
Onye ọrịa na - arịa ọrịa shuga kwesịrị ịghọta ya nke ọma maka nri a na - anabata ya, na --emekọta ọnụ ma dochie efere iji ghọta otu esi eji ụdị ọrịa shuga ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 mee ihe. Ihe ozo di nkpa bu nzizi nke ihe oriri n’enye mmadu dika ihe oria si di, mmeme ahu na mgbanwe na uzo ndu.
Enwere ọtụtụ Ezi ntụziaka na-akọwa ụzọ esi agwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na-adịgide adịgide na ọgwụgwọ ndị mmadụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ndụmọdụ dị otú ahụ anaghị arụpụta nkwa ekwere, iji ọgwụ herbal nwere ike ịba uru iji meziwanye ọnọdụ nke onye ọrịa, belata agụụ ma nwekwuo arụmọrụ nke usoro ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala.
Enwere ike iji herbal teas dị ka ụzọ isi melite ọrụ nke akụrụ, imeju, eriri afọ na pancreas na-enwe ọnya ọnya nke akụkụ ndị a, yana dochie anya tii ma ọ bụ kọfị mgbe niile. N'ime ọrịa shuga mellitus, a na-atụ aro infusions na decoctions nke ahịhịa dị otú a:
- Epupụta ukpa, ahịhịa ahịhịa, nettle.
- Ogwu nke St John wort, coughweed, knotweed na horsetail.
- Akwụkwọ bean, eyịm na galiki, artichoke nke Jerusalem.
- Mgbakwunye nke burdock, elecampane, peony na dandelion, chicory.
- Tomato nke bluuberi, oke ahihia, blackberry, lingonberry na mulberry.
Illsdị ọgwụ shuga Type 2
A na-eji ọgwụ shuga iji belata ọkwa glucose ọbara dị elu ma nye mkpụrụ ndụ nri na ume. Azọ usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, yana agwakọta ya na nri na ahụ ike, nwere ike ịgwọ ọtụtụ ọrịa oria site na ịnyefe ọrịa shuga na usoro ịkwụ ụgwọ.
Ọgwụ a na-eji eme ka pancreas na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ime ka ihe insulin na-arụpụta dị ukwuu. Uru ha bụ ọsọ nke ihe, mana na usoro ọgwụgwọ ọhụụ, a na-ede ha naanị na njikọta na-ebelata mkpụrụ ndụ beta.
Usoro dị otú ahụ nwere ikike sitere na sulfonylurea, nke gụnyere Tolbutamide, Glibenclamide, Glyclazide, Glimepride.
Ọtụtụ mgbe na atụmatụ ndị emepụtara - "Otu esi agwọ ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 na mbido mbụ", a na-eji ọgwụ nwere Metformin eme ihe. Ọgwụ a na - enyere aka ịbawanyewanye ogo anụ ahụ na insulin ma mee ka ọ kwụsịlata inweta glucose site na eriri afọ.
Na mgbakwunye, ihe metformin na-agbatịkwa umeji, na-eme ka njikọ nke glycogen na nchịkọta ya na imeju, mmebi ya na glucose na-ebelata, ojiji nke metformin na-ebelata ibu ma, n'otu oge ahụ, a na-agwọ metabolism na-emebi emebi, ebe ọ bụ na cholesterol na obere lipoproteins dị obere belata.
Ọgwụ nwere metformin na-abanye na ngalaba ụlọ ahịa ọgwụ n'okpuru aha azụmahịa ndị a:
- Glucophage, nke Merck Sante, France mepụtara.
- Dianormet, Teva, Poland.
- Metfogamma, Dragenofarm, Germany.
- Metformin Sandoz, Lek, Poland.
- Siofor, Berlin Chemie, Germany.
Ojiji nke Repaglinide na Nateglinide na-enye gị ohere ijikwa shuga na-apụta n'ime awa abụọ mgbe ị risịrị nri - a na-akpọ ha ndị na-achịkwa prandial. Ejiri otutu ogwu a mara mmado ngwa ngwa na obere ihe.
Iji gbochie nnabata nke glucose na eriri afọ, enwere ike iji ọgwụ Acarbose mee ihe, ọ na-enye gị ohere iwepu carbohydrates site na eriri afọ, na-egbochi ịrị elu nke shuga. Uru uru ọgwụgwọ a nwere bụ enweghị hypoglycemia na mkpali nke mmụba nke ọkwa insulin.
Ọgwụ ọjọọ dị ka Avandia na Pioglar na-eme ka ikike ịdị adị na akwara anụ ahụ nwee insulin, na-akpali njikọ nke protein ndị akọwapụtara. Site na iji ha, ọdịnaya nke abụba na glucose n'ọbara na-ebelata, mmekọrịta nke ndị na-anabata ya na insulin na-abawanye.
Iji dozie nsogbu ahụ - otu esi agwọ ọrịa shuga nke 2, ndị ụlọ ọrụ ọgwụ na-azụlite ọgwụ ọhụrụ, otu n'ime mmepe kachasị ọhụrụ nke ndị dọkịta na - eji - Bayetta na Januvia.
Exenatide (Bayetta) mere simulati njikọ nke homonụ na ngba nri metụtara incretins. Ha nwere ike ịkwalite nguzobe nke insulin na oriri nke oriri, ma na-egbochikwa imeju afọ, nke na-enyere ndị ọrịa aka oke ibu belata agụụ na oke ibu.
Januvia (sitagliptin) nwere akụ nke ịkwalite mmepụta nke insulin na igbochi mwepụta glucagon, nke na-eduga na mbelata nke glucose ọbara, ma na-enyere aka inweta nkwụghachi ụdị ọrịa shuga 2 dị mfe.
Nhọrọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ ọrịa shuga ka enwere ike ịnye dọkịta na-aga ya, onye nyochachara nke ọma nwere ike ịhọrọ usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, nyefee onye ọrịa site na mbadamba ọgwụ insulin.
Ihe achọrọ iji gbanwee insulin ọgwụ maka ọrịa shuga nwere ike ịbụ:
- Oke ọgwụ dị iche iche iji belata shuga, nke ya na nri enweghị ike ịkwado ebumnuche nke glycemia.
- N'ime ule ụlọ nyocha: glucose ọnụ na-ebu ọnụ karịrị 8 mmol / l, glucose ọbara na-agbadata adịghị ala n'okpuru 7.5% na nyocha abụọ.
- Ketoacidotic, ọnọdụ hyperosmolar
- Mkpakọ nke ọrịa shuga n'ụdị ụdị polyneuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy.
- Ọrịa na-efe efe na usoro siri ike yana ọgwụgwọ ọgwụ nje na-adịghị ike.
Ọgwụ ịwa ahụ nke ụdị shuga 2
Ebe oke ibu na ọrịa shuga bụ ọrịa na-eme ka ngosipụta nke ibe ya dịkwuo mma, ma jiri mbelata n’ịdị ahụ, a ga-enweta ezigbo ihe iji dozie usoro ịrịa ọrịa shuga, yana eziokwu na enweghị ụzọ nchekwa mgbanwe maka ịgwọ ọrịa shuga, a zụlitere usoro ịwa ahụ.
Suchrụ ọrụ dịka eriri afọ, gastroplasty na eriri afọ na-enyere aka kwụọ ndị ọrịa shuga na 60-80% nke ikpe. Nhọrọ nke usoro iji belata oke nke afọ ga-adabere na oke oke nke onye ọrịa.
Ekwesiri ighota na obubu ibu kariri 90 n'onwa, mgbe onodu ihe nketa bu ihe n’ebute oria mellitus.
A rụpụtara nsonaazụ kachasị elu na ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa shuga mellitus n'oge arụ ọrụ nke ịwa ahụ biliopancreatic bypass - 95%, site na usoro a, akụkụ nke duodenum, ebe bileen na ihe ọ pancụ pancụ pancreatic na-abanye. A na-ahụ ha naanị tupu ha abanye nnukwu eriri afọ.
Ọ bụ ezie na arụmọrụ ndị dị otú a na-eduga na nnukwu nsogbu nke metabolic, hypovitaminosis, karịsịa vitamin na-abụkarị abụba, ụkọ calcium, na mmepe nke ọrịa imeju na-egbu egbu, a na-ahụta ọrụ a taa dị ka ntinye aka kachasị ike nke nwere ike ịkwụsị oke ibu na ụdị shuga 2. Vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a gosipụtara ọgwụgwọ nke ụdị shuga 2.
