Ahụ mmadụ nwere ihe ịtụnanya - ikike iji aka ya lekọta homeostasis. Site na ọtụtụ ọrụ arụ ọrụ biochemical, a na-arụ ọtụtụ usoro metabolic nke na-ahụ na arụ ọrụ ahụ dị mkpa. Maka omume mmeghachi omume dị mkpa, ihe ndị pụrụ iche na-eweta ihe dị mkpa, nke na-enweghị ihe omume na-enweghị ike mezue.
Cholesterol (site na cholesterol Bekee) bụ ihe akọwapụtara nke bụ akụkụ nke ọtụtụ mkpụrụ ndụ. Site na mbido ya, cholesterol na-ezo aka abụba ma ọ bụ lipids.
Akpụ akwara nwere ọtụtụ lipids - sel ụbụrụ karịrị ọkara mejupụtara lipids. Na mgbakwunye, site na mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ọtụtụ ihe ọmụmụ banyere ndụ nke cholesterol, ọtụtụ homonụ na-etolite, ọkachasị, steroid homonụ nke gland adrenal. Dika nyocha emere, otutu ndi mmadu nuru banyere cholesterol ma chee na obu ihe ojoo.
Ihe di iche n'etiti cholesterol na cholesterol
Imirikiti ndị ọrịa na-eche ihe kọlestrọl na cholesterol ndị ọzọ a ma ama bụ, kedu ihe dị iche na ha. N'ime anụ ahụ, ihe ahụ yiri kristal na ọnọdụ mmiri. Cholesterol na cholesterol a na-amara nke ọma bụ otu na otu ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ sel. Site na usoro kemịkal, cholesterol bụ nke ahoụrụma. Ihe ahụ adịghị mkpa, ya bụ, anụ ahụ nwere ike ịhazi ya n'onwe ya.
N'ihi akụrụngwa anụ ahụ ya pụrụ iche, ihe nwere ike ịgbanwe ọnọdụ anụ ahụ ya na mkpu ya. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, okwute cholesterol bụ etiology nke cholelithiasis bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị. Mana n'ihi oke cholesterol dị elu, nkume ndị dị otú ahụ nwere njupụta kachasị dị ala ma nwee mmerụ ahụ na ọgwụgwọ ndị a na-awa ahụ.
Ihe na-erughị otu gram nke cholesterol na-arụ ọrụ kwa ụbọchị. Ọkpụkpụ dị ukwuu nke ihe a na - arụ ọrụ n'ime sel imeju. N’agbanyeghi nke a, mkpụrụ ndụ nke ọ bụla nwere ike ịhazi ihe n’onwe ya.
Site na mpụga, cholesterol ekwesịghị gafere 0,5 grams kwa ụbọchị. Site na mgbanwe na nguzozi nke cholesterol, a na - enwe nsogbu profaịlụ lipid, nke na - eduga na mmepe nke ọtụtụ ọrịa.
Ọrịa kachasị na-ebilite na mmebi nke Lipid liherosclerosis.
Ọrụ nke cholesterol n'ime ahụ
Ebe obu na cholesterol na, karia ndi mmadu nile mara, cholesterol bu otu ihe, ihe ndi mmadu na eme bu otu.
Ihe a nwere ike ịghaghari na ọbara n'enweghị ihe ọ bụla, ọ dịkwa na mpaghara intracellular.
Ihe mejuputara akuku a na otutu ihe banyere ndu ndi n’ile ndu ahu.
Lipid so na njikọ nke ihe ndị a:
- homonụ steroid;
- cholecalciferol;
- homonụ gonad;
- homonụ nke eriri afọ adrenal.
Ọ bụkwa akụkụ dị mkpa nke membranes niile. Na mgbakwunye, ọwa sel electrolyte na-arụ ọrụ n'ihi cholesterol. Site na ụkọ cholesterol, ọrụ nke sistemụ sel na - arụ ọrụ. A na-eme ka ihe acid na-eme n'ime imeju na-arụ ọrụ na kọlestarol. Ya mere, oke onodu cholesterol na aru ya na-aputa ihe. Site n'enyemaka nke bile acid, a na-agbari nri nri.
Ihe ndia bu ihe ndi choputara cholesterol:
- Hydrophobicity, ma ọ bụ insolubility na mmiri.
- Ọdịdị ya dị ọcha, naanị obere akụkụ cholesterol “floats”.
- A na-ejikọ Lipids n'ime ahụ yana protein.
A na-ezube protein dị iche iche maka ibu nke ụmụ irighiri cholesterol n’ahụ. Na ijikọta cholesterol, a na - emepụta molekul ọhụụ - lipoproteins.
Enwere otutu klas nke lipoproteins:
- ịdị elu nke ịdị elu dị elu nke ukwuu nwere ihe hydrophilic, yabụ, na-agbagha mmiri na plasma;
- ha na - enwe ike ibugharị egbugbere ọnụ maka itinyekwu ha n'ọrụ na umeji na eriri afọ;
- Lipoproteins dị ala na nke dị obere bụ “ebugharị” nke cholesterol, n'ihi nke ihe ahụ na-abanye na mkpụrụ ndụ nke ahụ.
Ghọta cholesterol ihe ọ bụ na otu o si arụ ọrụ, ịkwesịrị ịghọta isi usoro nke njem ya. N'ihi hydrophobicity, lipoproteins ndị a anaghị agbaze ma na-ahazi ịhazi n'ime ite. N'ihe banyere mgbe nsonaazụ nke atherogenic lipoproteins na-abawanye, ihe ize ndụ nke ịmalite ọrịa atherosclerosis na-abawanye ọtụtụ oge.
A na-etinye mmiri ara ehi na imeju nwere atherogenicity dị elu ma debe ya ngwa ngwa na saịtị nke mmebi endothelial.
Ọbara lipoprotein
Dika ihe omumu emere, akwara gosiputara na elu mmanu nke mmanu di elu n’iru na obara, nkea di ala n’enwe oria atherosclerosis.
Iji kpebie ma chịkwaa oke cholesterol, ị ga-ebu ụzọ lebara ahụike gị anya.
Nnyocha ahụike oge niile na-eme ka mbelata ọnwụ ọnwụ ugboro iri site na nnukwu ọrịa obi.
Iji chịkwaa nguzobe nke lipids na oke nke metabolism metabolism, ọ dị mkpa:
- Nyochaa nchịkọta nke cholesterol ọbara zuru oke, ọ bụrụ na mmụba nke kọlesterol “dị njọ”, na-amalite usoro ọgwụgwọ ụfọdụ.
- Na-enyocha nlezianya n'ọbara nke irighiri akwara dị iche iche.
- Gbaa mbọ hụ na cholesterol nke LDL anaghị agafe oke ya.
A na-eme ọmụmụ ndị a dị ka otu onye dọkịta nọọsụ ma ọ bụ ndị dọkịta si ekwu. A ga-enyocha onye ọrịa maka nyocha mmiri. N'onyinye iji nye onyinye ọbara, ikwesiri ịbịakwute afọ efu na ụbọchị abụọ jụ iri abụba. Nke a bụ n'ihi mmeghe ụgha nke nyocha nyocha n'ihi nnukwu ịta chylomicrons.
Norkpụrụ nke pensụl lipi na-adabere nke ọma na ọnọdụ ahụike nke onye ọrịa, afọ na njiri mara nwoke na nwanyị. Na mgbakwunye, ụlọ nyocha dị iche iche na-enye ụkpụrụ dị iche iche nke ụkpụrụ.
Ihe ndị a na-ahụkarị bụ:
- Ndị na-egosi cholesterol zuru oke na onye ọrịa toro eto ga-anọrịrị site na 3.9 ruo 5.1 mmol / L. Mmụba nke cholesterol nke ihe karịrị 6 na ọkara pụtara imebi nguzozi nke cholesterol n'ime ọbara ma nwekwuo ohere nke mmebi vaskụla na atherosclerotic. Ihe karịrị 6.5, mana ihe na-erughị 7.8 kwekọrọ na mgbanwe agafeghị oke na metabolism abụba. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ ahụ gafere ọnụ ụzọ 7.8, mgbe nke a na - egosi enweghị mmebi nke metabolism lipid ma chọọ ọgwụgwọ ozugbo.
- Ngosiputa nke okike putara ihe na MPC nke cholesterol nke nwanyi kariri nke umu nwoke.
- Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrịa ahụ ekpughe ụkpụrụ dị elu, a ga-eziga ya maka ọmụmụ ihe ndị ọzọ.
Na mgbakwunye, nha nke LDL na HDL kwesịrị ịdị na 1 ruo 3.
Kedu ihe ọghọm nke cholesterol?
Ọ bụrụ na cholesterol dị elu, agafeghị oke, mgbe ahụ ịgbanwe ụdị ndụ bụ usoro mbụ nke ọgwụgwọ.
Nke a chọrọ ntụgharị uche zuru oke nke ibi ndu yana iwepu ihe na-akpasu iwe.
Ọ ga-abụ ihe ziri ezi ịgbaso usoro ndụ na - eso echiche:
- ịjụ omume ọjọọ, ọkachasị ị smokingụ sịga, ebe ọ bụ na ụtaba na-enyere aka ịbawanye ụba nke ọbara, nke a nwere nnukwu nsogbu nke thrombosis;
- mmega ahụ mgbe niile na-eme ka ị felata, ọ ga-enyekwa aka na itinyekwu cholesterol;
- mkpochapu nrụgide;
- mmezi nke nri kwesiri;
- akara nke creatinine na ọkwa shuga dị n'ọbara.
N'ihe banyere ọnụ ọgụgụ cholesterol mụbara, nguzobe nke ihe anherosclerotic na-amalite.
Ọ bụghị mgbe niile ọkwa cholesterol dị elu bụ ihe enweghị ọnọdụ na mmepe nke atherosclerosis.
Isi njikọta ọrịa a bụ ntụpọ akwara vaskụla endothelial, ebe ihe pụrụ iche nke ga - adọta ụmụ irighiri cholesterol na - abanye n’ọbara. N’ezie, cholesterol dị elu bụ ihe na - ebute nsogbu.
Ihe ndị kachasị maka mmepe nke atherosclerosis gụnyekwara:
- Okingụ sịga.
- Ibu oke ibu na oke ibu.
- Ọbara ọbara.
- Kinddị ọrịa shuga ọ bụla.
- Nchikota nke ihe.
- Ọkpụkpọ mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.
- Paul
- Atụmatụ afọ.
Nsogbu dị egwu nke atherosclerosis bụ ịla n'iyi na ọnya ihu nke ihe ncheta. Platelet bidoro idozi mpaghara ahụ emetụtara na nnukwu thrombus floating floating.
N'oge ọ bụla, ịmịcha ọbara nwere ike ibute ma bute nnukwu nsogbu, dịka ọrịa strok na nkụchi obi.
Ọgwụ nke hypercholesterolemia na atherosclerosis
Gwọ ọrịa a abụghị ọrụ dị mfe. Inglụ ọgụ na atherosclerosis kwesịrị ịdị mgbagwoju anya na usoro.
Maka ọgwụgwọ, a na-eji usoro ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ, ọgwụgwọ ịwa ahụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ. Gbalia ịde ọgwụ nke gunyere alfa lipoic acid.
Ọkwa nke cholesterol na-adabere ọ bụghị naanị na oke abụba nri, kamakwa na ụdị ha, mana ha nwere ike ịdị iche.
Abụba dị mma sitere na nri ndị a:
- ube oyibo
- almọnd;
- cashews;
- ukpa;
- mmanụ oriri;
- mkpụrụ sesame.
Na mgbakwunye, iji gbochie ọrịa metabolism nke abụba, a ga-eri nri nke nwere abụba polyunsaturated mgbe niile. Ọ bụghị naanị na anaghị eme ka ọkwa nke atherogenic lipids dị n'ọbara, kama ha na-enyekwa aka na "nhicha" nke arịa sitere na ọnya atherosclerotic. Abụba abụba polyunsaturated dị mkpa bụ omega-3 na omega-6 asịd. A na-ahụkarị acids omega n'ime ụdị azụ azụ. Ọ dị mkpa iwepu abụba na abụba juru afọ na nri. N'ihi usoro kemịkal ha, nke ikpeazụ ahụ dị oke egwu maka ahụ.
Nri kwesiri ịgụnye anụ ọkụkọ, anụ ezi nwere ume, akwụkwọ nri, mkpụrụ osisi, nnụnụ kwel na akwa ọkụkọ, chiiz ụlọ nwere obere abụba.
A na-eme ọgwụgwọ nke hypercholesterolemia dịka ụkpụrụ nke ọgwụgwọ antiatherogenic. Ihe kachasị ewu ewu bụ ọgwụ statin. Ma ha akpọpụtala mmetụta na contraindications.
Ọ bụrụ na achọpụtara ihe mgbaàmà mmalite nke atherosclerosis, ekwesịrị ịmalite ọgwụgwọ ozugbo. Ọgba a bụ n'ihi eziokwu na ọrịa a bụ ihe mbụ na-akpata ọtụtụ ihe ọghọm vaskụla ọghọm.
Site na ikpoputa ihe ncheta na ikpochapu arịa ahu, ischemia na aru gha amalite. Ọtụtụ mgbe, usoro nke atherosclerotic na-emetụta arịa nke ala akụkụ ala. N'okwu a, ikpochapụ endarteritis na-amalite.
Maka ndị ọrịa nwere ọnya arịa nke ụkwụ, ọnụnọ nke ntugbu na-enweghị atụ, mgbu na ahụ erughị ala na njiri mara.
Na etiti atherosclerosis, a na-emetụta aorta. Formdị a bụ ihe kachasị njọ, ebe ọ na - edugakarị nnukwu nsogbu obi.
Akọwa ihe cholesterol na cholesterol na vidiyo n’okwu a.
