Ole cholesterol: kedu ọkwa a na-atụle ka ebuli ya elu?

Ọbara cholesterol dị elu na-eduga n'ịkpụpụta iberibe ikuku atherosclerotic na mgbidi vaskụla. Ka oge na-aga, usoro ndị a nwere ike ịmechi akwara azụ, nke na-ejedebe na ịmalite iku ume ma ọ bụ nkụchi obi.

Yabụ, onye ọ bụla kwesịrị ịma ihe cholesterol a na-ewere dị ka nke nkịtị. Kpebie ogo cholesterol site na iji nyocha ụlọ nyocha dị iche iche.

Iji chọpụta nsonaazụ nke ọmụmụ a, ị ga-ebu ụzọ ghọta ihe cholesterol bụ. Ọ dịkwa mkpa ịmata ọnụego mmanya na-egbu egbu na ọbara.

Kedu ihe cholesterol na kedu ihe kpatara ọ na - eji arị elu

Cholesterol bụ mmanya na-egbu egbu nke monohydric. Ihe a bụ akụkụ nke membranes cell, ọ na - etinye aka na mmepụta nke homonụ steroid, na - akwalite njikọ nke bile acid na vitamin D.

Cholesterol dị n’arụ ahụ niile na akwara ndị ọzọ n’efu ma ọ bụ dịka esters nwere abụba bara ụba. Mmepụta ya na - apụta na sel niile. Leadingdị mbufe njem na ọbara dị ala ma nwee nnukwu mkpụrụekere lipoproteins.

Plasma cholesterol dị n'ụdị esters (ihe ruru 70%). A na-etolite ụdọ n'ime sel n'ihi nsonaazụ pụrụ iche ma ọ bụ na plasma n'ihi ọrụ nke otu enzyme.

Maka ahụike mmadụ, ọ bụ obere lipoproteins dị ntakịrị nke dị ize ndụ. Ihe mere maka ịba ụba ọbara ha nwere ike ịgbanwe na agbanweghi agbanwe.

Isi ihe na - eduga n'ịbawanye n'ihe ndị na - egosi cholesterol bụ ụdị ndụ na - adịghị mma, karịchaa, nri na - adịghị mma (ị consumptionụ nri anụmanụ riri oke), ị alcoụ mmanya, ị ,ụ sịga, enweghị mmega ahụ. Ọzọkwa, ọbụlagodi mgbanwe mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi nwere ike ime ka ọkwa LDL dị n'ọbara.

Ihe ọzọ kpatara mmepe nke hypercholesterolemia bụ oke ibu, nke a na-ejikọ ọ bụghị naanị site na imebi metabolism, kamakwa site na carbohydrate, mgbe mmadụ nwere mmụba n'ọbara glucose ọbara. Ihe ndị a niile na - eduga n'ọdịdị nke ọrịa shuga 2.

Ihe na-apụtakarị ihe na-ebute mmụba nke cholesterol n'ime ọbara bụ ọnọdụ mmadụ ketara eketa na afọ.

N'okwu ndị dị elu, a ga-agwọ hypercholesterolemia maka ndụ. N'okwu a, onye ọrịa ahụ kwesịrị ịdị na-agbaso nri pụrụ iche ma na-ewere statins.

Iji gbochie mmepe nke atherosclerosis, nkụchi obi na ọrịa strok, ịkwesịrị ị paya ntị n'ọtụtụ mgbaàmà nke nwere ike igosi ọkwa cholesterol dị elu. Ihe na-eduga n'ihe ịrịba ama nke nsogbu akwara ozi:

1. Guzobe akpukpo ahiri di na anya. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-eji mkpụrụ ndụ ihe atụ amata mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa.
2. Angina pectoris na-ebili n'ihi iberibe akwara akwara obi.
3. Ahụ mgbu na nsọtụ niile na-eme mgbe a na-emega ahụ. Ihe mgbaàmà a bụkwa nsonazụ nke irighiri akwara ọbara na-ebunye ọbara n'ọbara na aka na ụkwụ.
4. Obi dara ada, na-etolite n’ihi enweghi nri na oxygen.
5. Ọrịa ọnya nke na - apị site na ịpị mbadamba ikuku atherosclerotic site na mgbidi vaskụla, nke na - eduga n'ọbọ ọbara.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-ebuli ọkwa cholesterol na ndị mmadụ na-arịa n'ọrịa ụfọdụ. Yabụ, hypercholesterolemia na-esokarị ọrịa shuga mellitus na ọrịa ndị ọzọ na-enye nsogbu, hypothyroidism, ọrịa nke imeju, akụrụ, obi.

Ndị ọrịa dị otu a nọ n'ihe ize ndụ oge niile, yabụ, ha kwesịrị ị na-enyocha ọkwa cholesterol dị n'ọbara kwa oge.

Normlesterol

Oru cholesterol di iche iche nwere ike idi ihe di iche n’aru nwoke, okike na udiri aru ahu. Mana ndị dọkịta na-ekwu na mmachi ikike ahụ agaghị agafe 5.2 mmol / L. Agbanyeghị, ọbụlagodi na ọkwa cholesterol dị 5.0 mmol / L, nke a apụtaghị na onye ọrịa nwere metabolism lipid, n'ihi na nchịkọta nke cholesterol zuru oke anaghị enye ozi ziri ezi.

Ihe di n’ime cholesterol n’ime obara n’onodu ya bu ihe ngosi di iche. A na-eme mkpebi ha site na iji nyocha nke ihe ndị ahụ metụtara.

Yabụ, usoro kọlestrọl dị na plasma ọbara dị site na 3.6 ruo 5.2 mmol / L. A na-achọpụta Hypercholesterolemia ma ọ bụrụ na ego nke mmanya na-egbu egbu n'ime ọbara sitere na 5.2 ruo 6.7 mmol / L (nke na-abaghị uru), 6.7-7.8 mmol / L (ọkara), karịa 7.8 mmol / L (dị arọ).

Tebụl na-egosi mkpokọta cholesterol zuru ezu, dabere n'afọ ole na nwoke:

Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na maka ndị nwere atherosclerosis, ọrịa shuga mellitus, ọrịa obi (ischemic syndrome) na ndị ọrịa nwere ọrịa strok na nkụchi obi, ụkpụrụ ọbara cholesterol kwesịrị ịbụ ihe na-erughị 4.5 mmol / L.

Site na ọrịa ndị dị otú ahụ, a na-enye ọgwụgwọ ọgwụgwọ pụrụ iche hypolpidem.

Testsdị ule cholesterol

Medicine n’enye otutu uzo iji choputa cholesterol n’ime obara. Otu nyocha kachasị ewu ewu bụ usoro Ilka.

Principlekpụrụ nyocha ahụ sitere n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na a na-eji kọmpụta pụrụ iche nke Lieberman-Burchard rụzie cholesterol. N'ime usoro a, cholesterol na - ekpocha mmiri ma na - aghọ hydrocarbon enweghị afọ ojuju. Withmekorita ya na acetic anhydride, o na - acho ahihia, ike ya choputara site na FEC.

Nchịkọta bara uru dịka usoro Ilk dị ka ndị a: a na-awụnye Lieberman-Burchard reagent n'ime ọkpọ ule. Mgbe ahụ jiri nwayọ nwayọ nwayọ nwayọ (0.1 ml) tinye n’ime akpa ahụ.

A na-amaji ụdọ ahụ ihe dị ka ugboro iri ma debe ya na ebe a na-etinye ọkụ na nkeji 24. Mgbe enyere oge, mmiri mmiri na-acha odo odo na-acha odo odo na FEK. Site na mkpochapu achoro, a na-ekpebi oke cholesterol na g / l dịka usoro ọkọlọtọ.

Diagnozọ nchọpụta ọgwụgwọ ọzọ a ma ama iji chọpụta ego cholesterol bụ nyocha ọbara nyocha nke biochemical. Ọmụmụ ihe a na-ekpughekwa ihe ngosi nke carbohydrate, protein na metabolism metabolism.

A na - enweta ọbara dị milimita 3-5 site na akwara site n'aka onye ọrịa maka nyocha. Na-esote, a na-eziga biomaterial ahụ n'ụlọ nyocha ka nyocha.

Nchịkọta nke mmiri ọgwụ na-ekpebi mkpokọta cholesterol n'ime ọbara. Na nkezi, akara egosi gafere kariri 5.6 mmol / l.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-agbakọ ọkwa cholesterol site na iji usoro Zlatix-Zack. Ejiri ihe ndị a

• phosphate acid;
• ferlor chloride;
• acetic acid;
• acid acid (H2SO4).

A gwakọtara ihe omimi ma gwunye ha ọbara. N'oge mmeghachi omume nke oxidative, ọ na-enweta otu n'ime ihe eji acha ọbara ọbara.

A na-enyocha nsonaazụ site na iji usoro photometric. Noma nke cholesterol dika usoro nke Zlatix-Zack bụ 3.2-6.4 mmol / l.

N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, nyocha maka cholesterol naanị ezughi, yabụ edepụtara onye ọrịa ka ọ nwee profaịlụ dị mma. Nke a bụ ihe omumu zuru oke banyere cholesterol metabolism n’ime ahụ, nke na - enye gị ohere ịmụ banyere ọnọdụ nke ụmụ irighiri akwara niile ma chọpụta ihe ọghọm nke ibute atherosclerosis.

Lipidogram a na-ekpebi ogo nke ihe ndị a:

1. Ole cholesterol.
2. Nnukwu njupụta lipoproteins. A na-eme nghazi ahụ site na mwepu mkpokọta cholesterol nke ụmụ irighiri ihe dị obere. Normkpụrụ nke HDL n'ime ụmụ nwoke dị ihe dị ka 1.68 mmol / l, n'ime ụmụ nwanyị - 1.42 mmol / l. N'ihe banyere dyslipidemia, ọnụego ga-adị ala.
3. Lipoproteins dị obere. A na-ekpebi ọnụọgụ cholesterol dị mma site na nyochaa nyocha ọbara ọbara site na iji sulfate pyridine. Ofkpụrụ nke LDL - ruru 3.9 mmol / l, ma ọ bụrụ na ihe ndị ahụ egosipụtara oke - nke a na-egosi mmepe nke atherosclerosis.
4. VLDL na triglycerides. Popularzọ ndị ama ama iji chọpụta ego nke ihe ndị a dabere na mmeghachi ọgwụ kemikal enzymatic site na iji glycerol, chromotropic acid, acetylacetone. Ọ bụrụ na ọkwa nke VLDL na triglycerides karịrị 1.82 mmol / l, mgbe ahụ ọ ga - abụ na onye ọrịa ahụ nwere ọrịa obi.
5. Atherogenic ọnụọgụ. Uru ahụ na-ekpebi nha nke HDL na LDL n'ọbara. Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, akara ngosi ahụ ekwesịghị ịbụ ihe karịrị atọ.

Nyocha ọbara maka cholesterol ka a kọwara na vidiyo dị n'isiokwu a.